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Latin, Lesson 6-Irregular Verbs

Latin
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Chapter 2	1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8
Chapter 3	1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8
Chapter 4	1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10
Chapter 5	1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9

Irregular Verbs

Irregular verbs do not fit in any particular conjugation. Irregular verbs conjugate but not in a predictable manner. An example of an irregular verb that you have met is 'esse'. There are a few others which will be listed in the present indicate active tense below for you to memorise and refer to.

Verb	Meaning	ego	tu	is/ea	nos	vos	ei/eae	Imperative sing.	Imp. pl
ire	to go	eo	is	it	imus	itis	eunt	i	ite
esse	to be	sum	es	est	sumus	estis	sunt	es	este
fieri	to become	fio	fis	fit	fimus	fitis	fiunt	fi	fite
velle	to wish	volo	vis	vult	volumus	vultis	volunt	(none)	(none)
malle	to prefer	malo	mavis	mavult	malumus	mavultis	malunt	(none)	(none)
nolle	to be unwilling	nolo	non vis	non vult	nolumus	non vultis	nolunt	noli*	nolite
ferre*	to carry	fero	fers	fert	ferimus	fertis	ferunt	fer	ferte
The imperatives noli and nolite are used to mean "don't", eg. "nolite ire" = "don't go!" Sometimes ferre is considered to be an 'o' stem 3rd conjugation verb. For practical purposes ferre is irregular.

Exercise 1

EXERCISE • Lesson 6-Irregular Verbs • Copy out previous table and translate from Latin to English.

... from Latin

SOLUTION • Latin/Lesson 6-Irregular Verbs • Copy out previous table and translate from Latin to English.

... to English

EXERCISE • Lesson 6-Irregular Verbs • Translate the following Latin sentences into English.

fero portam
fers portam
fert portam
ferimus portam
fertis portam
ferunt portam
sum bonus
es bonus
est bonus
sumus bonī
estis bonī
sunt bonī
este bonī!
nolī currāre!

SOLUTION • Latin/Lesson 6-Irregular Verbs • Translate the following Latin sentences into English.

to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English
to be translated into English

EXERCISE • Lesson 6-Irregular Verbs • Answer the following English questions about previous Latin sentences.

What do the irregular verbs have in common with regular verbs?
Why do we use 'boni' in question 10, 11, and 12 but 'bonus' in question 7, 8 and 9?

SOLUTION • Latin/Lesson 6-Irregular Verbs • Answer the following English questions about previous Latin sentences.

write answer 1
write answer 2

Exercise 2

Decline the following five nouns in both singular and plural number in the five common cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative):

Singular
Nominative	nauta	ātrium	servus	dictātor	rēx	cornū	diēs
Accusative
Genitive
Dative
Ablative
Plural
Nominative
Accusative
Genitive
Dative
Ablative

Conjugate the verb 'servāre' in both singular and plural number and all three persons.
Conjugate the verb 'esse', in both singular and plural number and all three persons.
Translate:

Nota Bene: Often Latin uses the present to indicate a 'vivid past'. It would be suitable to translate the following passage in the past tense.


Latin	English	Notes

heri	yesterday	heri is an adverb. Don't try to use it as a noun ("Yesterday was a good day")

taberna, -ae	shop	1st declension feminine

solea, -ae	sandle	1st declension feminine

sic	so, and so, thus

solus, -a, -um	alone	The adverb form (only) is solum

casa, -ae	house, hut	1st declension feminine

sto, stare, steti, statum	stand	One of the few irregular first conjugation verbs

Heri, ad tabernam eō. In tabernā sunt trēs rēs quārum amō duas sōleās et unam mensam. Habeō trēs denariōs, sīc ego emeō mensam sōlum quod sum nōn dīvīnitās. Hodiē, mensa est in casā meā. In triclīnio stat.

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