উন্নত করার কিছু দেখছেন? একটি পরিবর্তন প্রস্তাব করুন।
Smoking is behind one in every four deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD). It raises the risk of coronary heart disease 2 to 4 times, and of stroke 2 to 4 times. Secondhand smoke harms the heart too. But the heart responds quickly when someone quits: within 1 to 2 years, the risk of a heart attack drops sharply — whatever the person's age, and however long or heavily they smoked.
Image from CDC's page on cigarettes and cardiovascular disease.
What cardiovascular disease includes
| Disease | What it is | What it can cause |
|---|---|---|
| Coronary heart disease (CHD) | The most common heart disease in the U.S.: plaque builds up in the arteries that feed the heart (also called coronary artery disease) | Chest pain; heart attack, when blood flow to the heart is blocked and heart muscle is damaged or dies; heart failure, when the heart can't pump enough blood and oxygen; arrhythmia, a heartbeat too fast, too slow or irregular |
| Stroke | A blocked blood supply to the brain, or a burst blood vessel in it | Parts of the brain damaged or killed |
| Peripheral artery disease (PAD) | Narrowed or blocked arteries carrying blood to the rest of the body | Muscle pain when walking that eases quickly with rest; weakness or numbness in the legs; one arm or leg colder than the other |
How smoking harms the heart and blood vessels
Smoking raises triglycerides (a blood fat), lowers "good" HDL cholesterol, makes blood sticky and prone to clots that can block flow to the heart and brain, damages the cells lining blood vessels, builds up plaque, and thickens and narrows the vessels. It increases the risk of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease including heart attack and sudden cardiac death, stroke, peripheral arterial disease and abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Secondhand smoke
Smoke from burning cigarettes, cigars, pipes and hookahs — and smoke breathed out by people smoking — harms those nearby.
- Each year in the U.S., secondhand smoke causes nearly 34,000 coronary heart disease deaths and more than 8,000 stroke deaths among people who don't smoke.
- Breathing it at home or at work raises nonsmokers' risk of heart disease by 25%–30% and of stroke by 20%–30%.
- Even brief exposure can damage blood vessels and make blood stickier, raising the risk of a heart attack.
What quitting does
Compared with continuing to smoke, quitting reduces inflammation and the blood's tendency to clot, improves HDL cholesterol, slows atherosclerosis, and lowers the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Research suggests it may also lower the risk of atrial fibrillation, sudden cardiac death, heart failure, venous thromboembolism and peripheral arterial disease. People who already have coronary heart disease benefit too, with a lower risk of another heart attack and of dying from heart disease.
| After quitting | |
|---|---|
| 1 to 2 years | Risk of heart attack drops sharply |
| 3 to 6 years | The added risk of coronary heart disease is cut in half |
| 5 to 10 years | Risk of stroke falls |
| 15 years | Risk of coronary heart disease is close to that of someone who doesn't smoke |
Sources
Based on "Cigarettes and Cardiovascular Disease," Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; a work of the United States government in the public domain. Help with quitting: CDC.gov/quit.
লাইসেন্স: CC0 1.0 (পাবলিক ডোমেইন) · গৃহীত হয়েছে www.cdc.gov
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