Earthquakes in the United States, July-September 1978

CECIL D. ANDRUS, Secretary

H. William Menard, Director

Introduction.................................................................... C1 Discussion of tables............................................................ Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale of 1931. •• •• •• • •• • •• • • •• •• • • • • •• • • • • •• • •• • •• • • Acknowledgments................................................................. References cited. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 32

FIGURE 1.

ILLUSTRATIONS

"Earthquake Report" form.............................................. 2.

Map showing standard time zones of the conterminous United States..... 3.

Map showing standard time zones of Alaska and Hawaii.................. 4.

Map of earthquake epicenters in the conterminous United States for July-September 1978 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

s.

Map of earthquake epicenters in Alaska for July-September 1978 •••••••• 6.

Map of earthquake epicenters in Hawaii for July-September 1978 •••••••• 7.

Photograph of Southern Pacific Transportation Company freight train derailment west of Goleta, Cal if...................................... 8.

Isoseisrnal map for the southern California earthquake of 13 August

g.

Photograph of damage to mobile home near Goleta, Calif •••••••••••••••• Isoseismal map for the Lake Tahoe, Calif. earthquake of 4 September

Isoseismal map for the northern California earthquake of 8 September

Isoseismal map for the eastern Missouri earthquake of 20 September

Isoseismal map for the southeastern Pennsylvania earthquake of 16 July 1978. •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 30

Cl EARTHQUAKE REPORT

FIGURE 1.--Example of the "Earthquake Report" form used for evaluating the intensities of earthquakes. A, front side.

~Okm ()

o-

FIGURE 4.--Earthquake epicenters in the conterminous United States for July-September 1978, plotted from table 1.

o

o

FIGURE 5.--Earthquake epicenters in Alaska for July-September 1978, plotted from table 1.

~ Magnitude <5.0 [!] Magnitude 5.0-5.9 ~ Magnitude ~6.0 (")

v

v.

C8

VII.

VIII.

IX. Panic general. Cracked ground conspicu-Frightened ran outdoors. found by persons Trees and bushes shaken moderately to strongly. running water. Water turbid from mud stirred of sand or gravel stream banks. large church objects made to quiver. Damage negligible in and moderate ings, considerable in or badly houses, laid up without mortar), spires, Cracked extent, walls to some extent. Fall of plaster in amount, numerous windows, extent. and tiles. Broke weak chimneys at the roof-line Fall of cornices from towers and high buildings. stones. with considerable ditches.

Fright panic. motor cars. Trees branches, trunks, broken off, especially palm trees. small permanent; wells; temperature waters. (brick) built especially stand ordinary tial wooden houses in some cases; threw panel walls in frame structures, broke off decayed piling. Cracked, walls seriously. extent, also ground on steep slopes. Twisting, monuments, towers. turned, very heavy furniture.

ously.

(masonry) structures to withstand earthquakes: Threw out of plumb some wood-frame houses built especially great buildings, it difficult to stand.

up.

buildings construction, in well-built ordinary build-

Shook down loosened brickwork

(sometimes damaging roofs).

amounts.

Damage slight in structures

earthquakes.

substantial buildings, collapse:

to withstand in all--general

Incaving to some extent

designed buildings, walls (especially where

Ejected sand and mud

in flow of springs wells renewed flow; of spring

broke, Wet ground to some

of chimneys, columns, also conspicuously,

substantial some collapse alarm, Some,

etc.

stucco.

bricks heavy furniture, breaking. Damage

Changes:

of walls.

(masonry)

in large all many,

cars.

etc.

in X. Cracked ground,

XI.

part; or wholly shifted frame buildings off foundations, to reservoirs; underground pipes sometimes broken.

and wet, inches; fissures up to a yard in width ran parallel to banks. river Shifted sand and mud horizontally on beaches and flat land. Changed level of water in wells. of canals, serious to dams, Severe to well-built wooden structures and bridges, some destroyed. dangerous walls. frame tions. Tore lines buried in earth. and broad wavy ments and asphalt road surfaces.

Disturbances widespread, material. and land Ejected water in large amounts charged with sand and mud. ("tidal" waves) of significant magnitude. structures, centers. ments often for long if any standing. bridges by the wrecking of supporting piers, wooden rails greatly, wise. completely out of service.

of construction damaged greatly or destroyed. Disturbances in ground and cracks. significant character, slumping of river banks, Wrenched loose, masses. with offset displacements. surface and lakes, rivers, surfaces some cases). Distorted lines of and level. air.

cracks Destroyed structures, Bent railroad rails slightly. apart,

varying Broad fissures, earth slumps, slips in soft, wet ground.

Great to dams, dikes, embank-

(masonry) structures remained Destroyed large well-built

or pillars.

Put pipe lines buried in earth

varied, Landslides, falls of rock

Fault notable horizontal and vertical

and modified produced waterfalls, deflected etc.

(actually seen, probably, in

Threw· objects upward into the racked frames; serious

especially when to widths of several

Threw water on banks

or crushed endwise, pipe

folds in cement pave-

less.

numerous and tore off, slips

underground, greatly.

in excellent brick most masonry also their founda-

distances.

coasts.

embankments.

Bent railroad them end-

extensive.

JULY JULY JULY 10 JULY 12 .IDLY 12 JULY 13 JULY 13 JULY 13 JULY 15 JULY 15 JULY 16 JULY 16 .IDLY 17 JULY 18 JULY 19 JULY 19 JULY 20 JULY 20 JULY 20 JULY 21 JULY 21 JULY 21 JULY 23 .IDLY 23 JULY 23 JULY 25 JULY 26 JULY 26 JULY 27 JULY 27 JULY 27 JULY 27 .IDLY 27 JULY 29 JULY 31 AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. 10 AUG. 11 AUG. AUG. 13 AUG. AUG. 16 AUG. 17 AUG. 1R AUG. AUG. 19 AUG. 19

14 26 48. 7 06 27 46.6 00 14 31.9 06 30 11.4 18 53 35.8 13 25 19. 7 15 27 33.5 15 24 57.9 08 50 30.6 12 21 13.0 05 03 02.3 19 28 10.8 05 18 36.8 21 18 40. 7 09 32 08.6 18 53 32.4 05 44 39.2 18 15 08.7 20 02 41.5 06 10 08.0 09 41 38.8 20 50 30.8 00 24 54.4 15 19 35.5 17 03 2 7. 9 22 58 27.4 14 04 30.2 19 42 45.3 04 14 48.0 06 31 21.3 14 18 48.0 15 51 42.2 17 11 21.1 16 31 15.4 09 45 55.4 10 12 12.5 06 33 30.9 07 59 36.8 02 07 33.0 09 13 50.5 23 19 39.2 01 50 05.9 04 35 06.5 05 39 04.5 09 30 03.3 03 16 04.0 07 45 3 7. 0 14 01 32.3 09 00 20.9 00 49 41.0 20 57 37.5 01 59 02.8 12 11 48.9 07 06 52.4 01 27 13.8 18 52 28.4 03 58 55.4 19 55 26.0 Table I.--Summary of U.S. earthquakes for July-September 1978

63.12 N. 150. 71 w. 135 51.26 N. 53.70 N. 51.60 N. 56.70 N. 52.24 N. 168.82 w. 33N 5.8 62.11 N. 62.88 N. 63.53 N. 59.59 N. 63.5 7 N. 62.89 N. 63.59 N. 61.98 N.

56. 77 N.

57.17 N. 60.68 N. 51.13 N. 51.15 N. 60.07 N. 60.25 N. 51.43 N. 52.01 N. 175.78 E. 63.31 N. 63.29 N. 53.89 N. 58.57 N. 62.75 N. 60.14 N. 59.58 N. 65 .oo N. 64.85 N. 64.93 N. 148.02 w. 50.13 N. 177.85 w. 33N 4.5 62.45 N. 51.65 N. 59.78 N. 58.45 N. 62.14 N. 59.82 N. 60.68 N. 53.76 N. 52.30 N. 62.90 N. 61.39 N. 59.83 N. 59.59 N. 60.41 N. 154.84 w. 33N 60.58 N. 62.28 N. 149.71.J'. 65 60.68 N. 60.23 N. 66.10 N. 66.6 7 N. 62.61 N. 59.89 N. 153.53 w. 123 56.44 N. 62.88 N. 178.98 w. 67 163.60 w. 33N 4.9 178.85 w. 56 137.50 w. 38

149.95 w. 149.61 w. 94 149.97W. 125 152.67 w. 103 150.52 w. 149.59W. 95 157.13 w. 33N 149.99 w. 33N 151.65W. 33N 5.7 152. 79 w. 152.83 w. 149 175.14 E. 33N 5.2 178.61W. 68 152.02 w. 153.42 w. 188 178.29 w. 147.26 w. 33N 5.0 147.18W. 33N 164.86 w. 151.23 w. 33N 149.02 w. 89 152.81 w. 117 139.18 w. 33N 14 7. 60 w. 20 147.59 w. 10

151.23 w. 175.65 w. 49 151.15 w. 89 137.79 w. 33N 4.5 150. 53 w. 33N 148.69 w. 33N 4.4 151.98 w. 105 167.07 w. 33N 4.3 171.41 vl. 149.56 w. 106 146.91 w. 53 148.80 w. 152.89 w. 114 146.86 w. 33N

145.10 w. 102 153.47 w. 184 156.73 w. 33N 148.84 w. 29 149.39 w. 89

152.67 w. 150.02 w. 139

------------------ intensity source -------------------

4.8 4.3 33N 4.0

ClO

4. 9M

3.2M 3.8A 3.6A 3.7A

3. 9A 4.3M
4. 7M

4.1M G JULY G JULY G JULY G .IDLY 11 07 P.M. BST G JULY 12 10 A.M. PST G JULY 13 02 A.M. BST II G .IDLY 13 05 A.M. AST G .IDLY 13 05 A.M. AST G JULY 14 10 P.M. AST G .IDLY 15 02 A.M. AST G JULY 15 07 P.M. AST III G .IDLY 16 09 A.M. AST G JULY 16 07 P.M. AST G JULY 18 11 A.M. AST G JULY G JULY 19 08 A.M. AST II G JULY 19 07 P.M. AST G JULY 20 07 A.M. BST G JULY 20 09 A.M. BST G JULY 20 0 8 P.M. AST G JULY 20 11 P.M. AST G .IDLY 21 09 A.M. BST G .IDLY 22 01 P.M. BST G JULY 23 05 A.M. AST III G JULY 23 07 A.r.f. AST G JULY 25 11 A.M. BST G .IDLY 26 04 A.M. AST G JULY 26 09 A.M. AST G JULY 26 06 P.M. AST G JULY 26 09 P.M. YST IV G JULY 27 04 A.M. AST III G JULY 27 05 A.M. AST III G .IDLY 27 07 A.M. AST G JULY 29 05 A.M. BST G JULY 30 11 P.M. AST G AUG. III G AUG. G AUG. G AUG. G AUG. G AUG. G AUG. G AUG. G AUG. v G AUG.

G AUG.

G AUG.

G AUG.

G AUG. 10 11 P.M. AST IV G AUG. 12 02 P.M. AST G AUG. 13 10 A.M. AST G AUG. G AUG. G AUG. 16 09 P.M. AST G AUG. 17 03 P.M. AST G AUG. 18 08 A.M. AST G AUG. 18 05 P.M. AST G AUG. 19 09 A.M. AST 1 04 A.M. AST 7 07 P.:t-1. BST 9 01 P.M. BST

18 11 P.M. AST

1 11 P.M. BST 2 08 P.M. AST 2 11 P.M. PST 3 04 P.M. AST 3 11 P.M. AST 5 01 P.M. AST 7 02 P.M. BST 7 05 P.M. BST 7 07 P.M. AST 7 11 P.M. AST 8 05 P.M. AST 8 09 P.M. AST 10 04 A.M. AST

13 03 P.M. AST 16 02 A.M. AST

AUG. AUG. AUG. 21 AUG. 22 AUG. 22 AUG. 22 AUG. 22 AUG. 22 AUG. 23 AUG. 24 AUG. 25 AUG. AUG. 25 AUG. AUG. 26 AUG. AUG. 29 AUG. 29 SEPT. SEPT. SEPT. SEPT. SEPT. 3 SEPT. 4 SEPT. SEPT. SEPT. 11 SEPT. 12 SEPT. 13 SEPT. 13 SEPT. 15 SEPT. 16 SEPT. 18 SEPT. 19 SEPT. 20 SEPT. 21 SEPT. 22 SEPT. 22 SEPT. 22 SEPT. 25 SEPT. 25 SEPT. 25 SEPT. 26 SEPT. 28 SEPT. 28

SEPT. 23 SEPT. 23

JULY JULY JULY JULY 10 JULY 10 JULY 11 JULY 11 JULY 12 JULY 15 JULY 17

19 24 33.9 21 28 25.3 15 18 59.6 03 20 07.2 04 13 ss. 3 09 53 24.2 10 12 02 0 8 10 29 08.0 20 59 05.7 01 31 54.2 02 53 25.9 04 09 43.8

05 56 50.5 09 08 47.8 13 44 31.2 03 1407.1 06 11 23.2 23 06 41. 9 10 19 51.6 17 38 52.3 19 51 20.8 06 27 05.4 18 53 07.5 16 OS 38.5 05 54 35.0 07 08 20.3 14 18 10.6 08 52 29.3 05 24 13. 9 15 06 42.9 18 08 38.8 11 06 53.6 17 02 54.9 08 37 56 .a 11 46 05.9 14 45 19.6 08 00 21.9 10 35 35.4 18 14 29.2 00 26 49.5 09 37 01.9 09 25 08.4 16 08 18.6 22 41 33 0 8 23 53 13.7

11 57 57.0 10 47 55.6 20 OS 26.9 02 55 25.4 09 02 2 7. 4 10 14 55.0 19 05 48.2 12 17 03.2 07 24 42.1 14 46 13.5 64.19 No

59. 9 7 N.

57.90 No 156.64W. 61.65 No

65. 16 N.

65.23 No 64.92 N. 64.99 N. 51.74N. 60.13 N. 53.60 N. 59.92 N.

54.14 N. 164.76W. 64 63.11 N. 65.08 N. 60.08 N. 58.73 No 60.27 No 57.99 N. 59o76 No 59.12 No 64.58 N. 53.75N. 59.56 N. 54.04 N. 60.08 N. 61.48 N. 51.94 No 59.90 No 152.46W. 117 60.36 No 59.96 N. 52.38 N. 63.66 N.

61. 34 N.
62. 11 N.

51.94 N. 59.82 N. 60.46 No

59. 13 N.

51.79 N. 52.05 N. 64.99 No 57.36 No 63.99 No

33.65 No 36.31 N.

36.90 No 122.18W. 10 33.88 N. 36.90 No 35.85 No 33.38 N. 40o 23 No 35.02 N. 33.23 No 40.32 No 35.50 N. 147.29 w. 33N 153.26"7· 136

151.96 w0 123 151.99 w. 152.12 w0 17 152 53 w 1 152.31 w. 176 0 43 E. 148.90 w. 71 167.01 w. 49 153.54 w. 153

150.94 w0 153 152.36W. 33N 140.81 w. 153.92 w. 153. 77 w0 212 138.63 w. 33N 4.1 153.41 w. 139 152 0 52 w0 77 147.16 w. 165.73H. 33N 4.2 148.13W. 164.02H. 40 152.21 H. 103 151.05 w. 178.13 E. 143 151.99 w0 106 153.11 w0 128 175.74 w. 167 147.59 .J. 88 147.18 w. 149.23 w. 151.81 w. 81 179.37 w. 90 152.99 w. 114 153.34 w. 186 152.22 w. 76 175.28 w. 62 179.18 E. 130 147.55 w. 27 156.88 w. 115 147.71 w. 33N 4.4

91.89W.

91.14 w.

116.50 H. 121.49 H. 118.08W. 116.30 w. 124 0 17 w0 20 119.17 w. 115.67 w. 124 0 30 w0 17 116.32W. ALASKA--Continued

Cll ------------------ 1ntens1ty source -------------------

4.6 4.9 3.7 4.2 3.5M

4.4M 4.0M 3.8M 3.8A 3.4A

3. 9M
4. 9M
5. 8G

4.2B 3.8P 3.0B 3.0P 3.0P 3.2B 3.2P 3.0P 3.1B 4.0P G AUG. G AUG. G AUG. 21 OS A.M. AST G AUG. 21 OS P.M. AST II G AUG. 21 06 P.M. AST II G AUG. II A AUG. 22 00 A.M. AST A AUG. 22 00 A.M. AST II G AUG. 23 09 A.M. BST G AUG. 23 03 P.M. AST G AUG. 24 03 P.M. BST G AUG. 24 06 p .~i. AST

G AUG.

G AUG.

II G AUG. 26 03 A.M. AST G AUG. G AUG. 28 08 P.M. AST G AUG. 29 01 P.M. AST G SEPT. 1 01 A.M. YST G SEPT. G SEPT. II A SEPT.

G SEPT. 4 06 A.M. AST G SEPT. 6 06 P.M. BST G SEPT. 8 09 P.M. AST G SEPT. 11 04 A.M. AST G SEPT. 11 09 P.M. BST G SEPT. 12 07 P.M. AST G SEPT. 13 05 A.M. AST G SEPT. 15 08 A.M. AST G SEPT. 16 00 A.M. BST IV G SEPT. 18 07 A.M. AST III G SEPT. 18 G SEPT. 20 01 A.M. AST IV IV G SEPT. 21 04 A.H. AST G SEPT. 21 09 P.M. BST G SEPT. 22 00 A.M. AST G SEPT. 22 08 A.M. AST G SEPT. 24 02 P.M. AST II G SEPT. 24 10 P.M. BST G SEPT. 24 10 P.M. BST III G SEPT. 26 06 A.M. AST G SEPT. 28 12 P.M. AST III G SEPT. 28

IV s SEPT. A.M. CST s SEPT. 23 P.M. CST

v B JULY 2 A.M. PST v p JULY 5 A.M. PST B JULY

B JULY 11 02 A.M. PST

B JULY 14 11 P.M. PST 19 09 A.M. AST 19 11 A.M. AST

21 11 P.M. AST

24 06 P.M. BST 24 11 P.M. AST 26 06 P.M. YST

SEPT. 3 07 A.n. BST

JULY JULY 10 01 A.M. PST

JULY 11 11 A.M. PST JULY 12 04 A.M. PST JULY 17 06 A.H. PST 1 07 A.M. AST 1 09 A.M. AST 2 08 P.H. AST

7 12 P.M. PST 9 06 P.M. PST

JULY 18 JULY 20 JULY 21 JULY 23 JULY 23 JULY 23 JULY 26 JULY 31 AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. 13 AUG. AUG. 13 AUG. 13 AUG. 13 AUG. AUG. AUG. 13 AUG. 13 AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. 14 AUG. AUG. AUG. AUG. 15 AUG. AUG. 15 AUG. AUG. 16 AUG. 17 AUG. 19 AUG. 20 AUG. 20 AUG. 20 AUG. 21 AUG. 24 AUG. 25 AUG. 25 AUG. 28 AUG. 28 AUG. 29 Table I.--Summary of U.S. earthquakes for July-September 1978--Continued

190903.7 23 25 57.3 13 24 41.9 07 25 33.4 07 33 35.6 14 38 42.4 00 38 53.6 09 15 44.3 09 09 oo. 4 09 05 1 o. 2 09 38 16.6 09 02 34.5 09 46 44.6 09 35 50.6 10 47 27.0 10 26 32.5 11 11 43.9 11 22 43.0 14 16 1 o. 5 15 53 20.5 18 34 11.4 18 22 15.7 21 02 36.9 00 6 58.0 02 15 34.0 06 31 13.4 14 31 47.0 04 30 42.1 21 11 39.3 05 18 52.9 18 02 29.1 00 4 7 30. 1 05 57 05.0 05 58 22.0 05 55 48.0 06 21 32.0 07 03 18.1 22 54 52.4 23 11 01.7 23 15 02.5 23 56 03.0 23 23 2 5. 9 23 08 2 7. 1 23 23 53.8 01 02 35.1 16 09 45.8 21 52 41.6 00 22 so. 9 01 23 45.2 04 16 52.4 04 32 52.8 07 45 32.4 13 35 11.6 07 51 40.0 17 35 09.7 08 28 23.6 09 47 47.0 10 11 31.3 13 08 35.4 19 08 32.7 01 35 49.8 10 50 31.8 03 32 18.4 19 07 27.3 00 18 45.3 36.99 N. 35.97 N. 34.05 N. 34.60 N. 39.40 N. 35.93 No 120.51 w. 34.35 N. 37.71 N. 122.14 w. 41.4 7 N. 41.40 N. 41.43 N. 41.45 N. 41.46 N. 41.41 N. 41.44 N. 41.46 N. 41.41 N. 121.91 w. 41.40 No 41.43 N. 41.44 N. 41.45 N. 41.43 N. 121.89 w. 41.44 N. 41.42 N. 41.42 N. 121.89 w. 33.00 N. 41.43 N. 33.67 No 116.70 w. 36.22 No 4lo44 No 36.22 No 34.15 No 41.43 N. 41.43 No 41.43 N. 41.44 N. 41.48 N. 34.37 No 34.40 N. 34.41 No 34.41 N. 34.41 N. 34.40 N. 119.78 w. 12 34.40 No 34.40 N. 36.10 N. 117.87 w. 41.42 N. 32.82 No 35.10 N. 41.45 N. 41.43 N. 40.33 N. 34.41 No 119.80 w. 41.44 N. 41.46 N. 41.43 No 41.42 N. 41.44 N. 41.46 N. 35.08 N. 38.06 No 38.11 N. 37.55 N. 38.16 N. 118.87 w. 37.35 No CALIFORNIA--Continued

121.67 w. 117.75W. 118.90 w. 120.77 w. 121.46 w.

116.92 w. 121.86 w. 121.91 w. 121.89 w. 121.88 w. 121.87 w. 121.91 w. 121.88W. 121.87W. 121.92 w. 121.89 w. 121.89 w. 121.86 w. 121.88 w. 121.90 w.

115.85W. 121.89 w. 118.33 w. 121.88 w. 118.33 w. 117.45 w. 121.89 w. 121.89 w. 121.89 w. 121.88 w. 121.85 w. 119.72W. 12 119.76W. 13 119.77W. 13 119.80 w. 119.78W. 119.74 w. 12 119.72W. 14

121.90 w. 115.47 w. 14 119.08 w. 121.88 w. 121.89 w. 124.39 w. 121.89W. 121.86 w. 121.89 w. 121.90 w. 121.89 w. 121.86 w. 117.50 w. 118.89 w. 118.92 w. 121.86 w. 11 121.72W.

Cl2 ------------------ intensity source -------------------

3. OP 3.0P 3.3B 3.2B 3.8P 3.0B 3.4B 4.2B

3.5 3.9B 4.6B 4.5B

5. 1 3.5B 3.3B

3.6 4.2B 3.1B 3.2B 3.6B 3.9B 3.3B 3.3B

3. 3B 3.8B 3.4B 3.1P 3.4B 3.5P 3.2P 3.5B 3.0P 4.0P 4.1B 4.3B 4.3B

4.1 3.3B 3.3B 5.6 5.1P 3.4P 3.1P 3.1K 3.0K 3.1K 3.4P 3.1P 3.4P 4.0 4.2B

3. 3P 3.3P 3.3B 3.4B 3.8B 3.5P 3.3B 3.9B 3.1B 3.6B 3.1B 3.2B 3.3P 3.2B 3.1B 2.8B 3.2B 3.8B B JULY 18 11 A.N:. PST IV p JULY

III B JULY 22 11 P.M. PST III II B JULY 23 06 A.M. PST IV IV B JULY 31 01 A.M. PST B AUG. B AUG. ... B AUG.

B AUG.

v

B AUG.

B AUG.

B AUG.

B AUG.

B AUG.

B AUG.

B AUG.

B AUG.

B AUG.

B AUG.

B AUG.

B AUG.

B AUG.

p AUG.

B AUG.

p AUG.

IV p AUG. B AUG. p AUG. p AUG. IV B AUG. 12 09 P.M. PST B AUG. 12 09 P.H. PST IV B AUG. 12 09 P.M. PST B AUG. B AUG. 12 11 P.M. PST VII K AUG. 13 02 P.M. PST K AUG. II K AUG. 13 03 P.M. PST K AUG. 13 03 P.M. PST K AUG. 13 03 P.M. PST K AUG. II K AUG. 13 03 P.M. PST II K AUG. p AUG. B AUG. 14 01 P.M. PST p AUG. p AUG. B AUG. 14 08 P.M. PST B AUG. 14 08 P.M. PST IV B AUG. 15 11 P.M. PST p AUG. IV B AUG. 16 11 P.M. PST B AUG. 19 09 A.M. PST B AUG. 20 00 A.M. PST B AUG. 20 01 A.M. PST B AUG. 20 02 A.M. PST B AUG. 21 05 A.M. PST p AUG.

B AUG. 24 05 P.M. PST G AUG. 25 02 A.M. PST IV B AUG. 27 07 P.M. PST G AUG. 28 11 A.M. PST IV B AUG. 28 04 P.M. PST 20 03 p .1{. PST JULY 21 05 A.M. PST JULY 22 11 P.M. PST

JULY 25 04 P.M. PST

10 04 P.M. PST

12 10 P.M. PST

13 03 P.M. PST

13 03 P.M. PST 13 05 P.M. PST 14 08 A.N:. PST 14 04 P.M. PST 14 05 P.M. PST

16 05 A.M. PST

24 11 A.M. PST 1 01 A.M. PST 1 01 A.M. PST 01 A.M. PST 01 A.M. PST 01 A.M. PST 01 A.M. PST 02 A.H. PST 1 02 A.M. PST 1 03 A.M. PST 1 03 A.M. PST 1 06 A.M. PST 1 07 A.M. PST 10 A.M. PST 10 A.M. PST 01 P.M. PST 04 P.M. PST 06 P.M. PST 1 10 P.M. PST 2 06 A.M. PST 2 08 P.M. PST 3 01 P.M. PST 3 09 P.M. PST 8 10 A.M. PST

AUG. 29 AUG. 29 AUG. 29 AUG. 29 AUG. 30 AUG. 31 SEPT. 1 SEPT. 3 SEPT. 3 SEPT. 4 SEPT. 4 SEPT. 4 SEPT. 4 SEPT. 4 SEPT. 4 SEPT. 4 SEPT. 4 SEPT. 8 SEPT. 11 SEPT. 12 SEPT. 17 SEPT. 17 SEPT. 17 SEPT. 17 SEPT. 19 SEPT. 20 SEPT. 21 SEPT. 22 SEPT. 22 SEPT. 24 SEPT. 26 SEPT. 28 SEPT. 29

JULY JULY 11 AUG. AUG. 20 SEPT. 10 SEPT. 25

JULY .roLY .nJLY .nJLY JULY 14 .roLY 16 AUG. AUG. AUG. 12 AUG. 12 AUG. 18 AUG. 23 ·AUG. 29 AUG. 30 AUG. 31 SEPT. 1 SEPT. 3 SEPT. 5 SEPT. 5 SEPT. 5 Table I.--Summary of U.S. earthquakes for July-September 1978--Continued

00 14 46.4 06 04 49.8 10 51 46.0 15 43 46.5 02 26 40.2 00 6 55.9 09 31 25.4 11 25 53.7 18 10 46.5 04 52 32.3 04 59 55.6 12 00 57.9 21 05 18.3 21 54 53.2 22 37 26.0 22 03 35.5 22 11 53.3 16 59 4 7. 8 11 00 30.3 11 57 55.4 15 08 02.3 15 06 os.o 15 38 33.1 16 00 26.2 15 52 41.5 09 53 24.3 03 18 5 7.1 03 26 19.8 03 13 26.8 02 04 27.5 05 35 03.9 23 13 53.4 13 49 32.8

08 15 04.0 06 53 as. 2 00 45 30.4 18 42 04.3 01 09 35.8 02 10 51.0

19 18 13.3 07 05 16.3 21 31 21.5 23 07 56.9 12 56 37.2 18 29 41.8 06 00 23.4 07 10 10.3 01 08 51.4 10 52 so. 5 14 32 42.0 21 48 53.1 21 44 08.9 22 40 15.7 23 07 21.4 00 14 53.5 14 26 10.5 06 14 44.1 16 18 18.2 20 26 46.8 37.36 N. 121. 72 w. 34.38 N. 34.38 N. 119.80 w. 33.18 N. 116.42 w. 33.22 N. 115.65 w. 38.05 N. 118.90 w. 37.34 No 121.78 w. 38.82 N. 119.80 w. 20 33.99 N. 38.82 N. 38.82 N. 119.83 w. 14 38.82 No 119.81 w. 20 35.57 N. 118.40W. 38.81 No 119.82 w. 19 38.81 No 119.82 w. 14 38.81 No 38.82 N. 119.83 w. 13 38.64 No 121.91 w. 17 38.81 N. 119.84 w. 16 34.38 N. 119.77W. 36.67 No 36.68 No 121.37 w. 36.68 N. 36.67 N. 37.73 N. 37.54 N. 118.37W. 36.99 N. 40.63 N. 33.87 N. 117.83 w. 34.38 N. 119.73W. 34.03 No 118.40 w. 32.97 No 33.80 N. 117.07 w.

33.87 N. 120.08 w. 40.33 N. 124.94 w. 10 40.26N. 126.41 w. 40.48 N. 40.41 N. 125.44W. 41.06 N.

19.32 N. 155.12 w. 19.35 N. 19.03 No 19.37 No 155.10 w. 19.35 N. 19.35 N. 155.02 w. 19.43 N. 155.40 w. 10 19.30 N. 20.77 No 156.03 w 19.33 N. 155.11 w. 10 19.23 No 155.52W. 31 19.33 No 19.32 N. 19.34 N. 155.03W. 19.01 N. 155.48 w. 35 18.99 N. 19.32 N. 155.20 w. 19.32 N. 19.32 No 19.33 No 155.23 w. 10

------------------ intensity source -------------------

119.77 w.

117.72W. 119.81 w. 18

121.36W. 121.36 w. 121.36W. 122.56 w.

121.68 w. 123.63 w. 20

116.25 w.

125.38W.

155.08 w. 156.72 w. 26 155.25 w. 10

155. 13 w. 155.20W. 10

155.48W. 37 155.14 w. 155.13 w. 10

Cl3

4.5 4.1B 2.8P 2.5P 3.2P 3.0P 3.0B 3.3B 3.1B 3.8P 4.6B 3.2B 3.0B 3.0P 5.3B 3.1B 4.1B 3.0B 4.2B 3.1B 3.6P 3.QB 3.3B

3. 9B

3.8B 2.9B 3.7B 2.9B

3. 7B

2.9P 3.6P 2.1P 3.8P

2. 9P
3. 8B
4. 6B

3.9H 3.0H 3.3H 3.1H 3.2H 3.3H 3.0H 3.4H 3.1H 3.1H 3.4H 3.1H 3.1H 3.1H 4.0H 3.0H 3.0H 3.1H 3.2H

3. 7H B AUG. 28 04 P.M. PST p AUG. p AUG. p AUG. p AUG. G AUG. 30 04 P.M. PST B SEPT. 1 01 A.M. PST II B SEPT. 3 03 A.M. PST SEPT. 3 10 A.M. PST IV v B SEPT. 3 P.M. PST B SEPT. 3 08 P.M. PST B SEPT. 4 04 A.M. PST p SEPT. B SEPT. 4 01 P.M. PST VI B SEPT. 4 02 P.M. PST B SEPT. 4 02 P.M. PST B SEPT. 4 02 P.M. PST v B SEPT. A.M. PST B SEPT. 11 03 A.M. PST v p SEPT. 12 A.M. PST B SEPT. 17 07 A.M. PST B SEPT. 17 07 A.M. PST B SEPT. 17 07 A.H. PST IV B SEPT. 17 08 A.M. PST B SEPT. 19 07 A.M. PST II B SEPT. 20 01 A.M. PST B SEPT. 20 07 P.M. PST

III B SEPT. 21 07 P.M. PST III p SEPT. 21 II SEPT. 23 06 P.M. PST IV p SEPT. 25 09 P.M. PST II p SEPT. 28 03 P.M. PST p SEPT. 29 05 A.M. PST

p JULY B .nJLY 10 10 P.M. PST G AUG. B AUG. 20 10 A.M. PST B SEPT. 9 05 P.M. PST B SEPT. 24 06 P.M. PST

H JULY IV H .nJLY III H .roLY H .roLY III H JULY 14 02 A.M. HST III IV H .roLY 16 08 A.M • HST H AUG. H AUG. III H AUG. 11 03 P.M. HST H AUG. 12 00 A.M. HST IV H AUG. 18 04 A.M. HST H AUG. 23 11 A.M. HST H AUG. 29 11 A.M. HST II III H AUG. 30 12 P.M. HST H AUG. 31 01 P.M. HST IV H AUG. 31 02 P.M. HST H SEPT. 3 04 A.M. HST III H SEPT. 4 08 P.M. HST H SEPT. 5 06 A.M. HST H SEPT. 5 10 A.M. HST IV 28 10 P.M. PST 29 02 A.M. PST 29 07 A.M. PST 29 06 P.M. PST 4 01 P.M. PST

3 00 A.M. PST 2 04 P.M. PST

1 09 A.M. HST 3 09 P.M. HST 7 11 A.M. HST 9 01 P.M • HST

5 08 P.M. HST 8 09 P.M. HST

SEPT. SEPT. SEPT. 11 SEPT. 12 SEPT. 15 SEPT. 19 SEPT. 19 SEPT. 20 SEPT. 20 SEPT. 21 SEPT. 24 SEPT. 26 SEPT. 30

JULY 19 SEPT. 28

SEPT.

AUG. 30 SEPT. 14

JULY JULY JULY 12 JULY 12 JULY 29 JULY 30 AUG. 31 SEPT. 5 SEPT. 13 SEPT. 22 SEPT. 27 SEPT. 27

AUG • 2 5

JULY 26 AUG. AUG. 21

22 21 22.0 13 59 59.3 14 54 45.1 17 00 00.1 22 32 07.1 01 32 23.2 14 00 00.2 22 28 50.3 15 15 00.2 19 38 13.0 17 00 oo.o 17 20 oo.o

04 17 08.7 21 12 11.6 08 4 7 1 o. 9 19.24 N. 19.37 N. 18.99 N. 19.33 N. 20.43 N. 19.39 N. 19.04 N. 19.44 N. 19.52 N. 19.89 N.

17. 20 N.

18.99 N. 19.38 N.

45.09 N. 42.10 N.

38.53 N.

42.48 N.

38.57 N.

48.49 N. 46.99 N.

39.11 N. 37.10 N. 38.51 N. 37.08 N. 38.40 N. 38.72 N. 37.28 N. 38.98 N. 37.21 N. 38.95 N. 37.08 No 37.07 N.

42.87 N.

40.40 N. 40.46 N. 44.52 N. HAWAII--Continued

156.22 w. 155.07 w. 155.35W. 155.11 w. 156.12 w. 155.28 w. 155.69 w. 155.40 w. 155.88 w. 155.12W 153.83 w. 155.35 w. 155.45 w.

114.42 W. 112.33 W.

88.22 w.

71.46 w.

90.28W.

111.48 w. 113.31 w.

116.22W. 10 116.01W. 118.33 w·. 116.04W. 115.24W. 119.39 w. 116.36 w. 118.16 w. 116.21 w. 119.64 w. 116.05 w. 116.02 w.

70.83 w.

71.11 w.

71.13 w.

74.51 w.

------------------ intensity

5.0 5.7 4.1 3.2H

3. 2H

3.6H 4.1H 3.0H 3.2H III 3.2H 3.3H 3.1H 3.1H

3. 9H
4. OJ III

3.8G 4.3B 3.3B 5.4B 4.2G 3.0B

5. 5B

3.6B 4.6B 3.2B 5.0B 5.5B

H SEPT.

H SEPT.

H SEPT. 11 01 A.M. HST IV H SEPT. 11 08 P.M. HST H SEPT. 15 07 A.M. HST H SEPT. 18 11 P.M. HST H SEPT. 19 08 A.M. HST IV H SEPT. 19 03 P.M. HST IV H SEPT. 20 01 P.M. HST H SEPT. 21 02 A.M. HST H SEPT. 23 04 P.M. HST H SEPT. 25 08 P.M. HST IV H SEPT. 30 01 p .}f. HST

G JULY 18 08 P.M. PST IV G SEPT. 28 01 A.M. MST

II S AUG. 29 01 A.M. CST

J AUG. 31 10 P.M. EST

V S SEPT. 20 06 A.M. CST

B AUG. 30 09 A.l-1. MST G SEPT. 13 08 P.M. MST

IV G JULY G JULY G JULY 12 06 A.M. PST E JULY 12 09 A.M. PST G JULY 29 02 P.M. PST G JULY 29 05 P.M. PST E AUG. 31 06 A.M. PST G SEPT. 5 02 P.M. PST E SEPT. 13 07 A.M. PST B SEPT. 22 11 A.M. PST E SEPT. 27 09 A.M. PST E SEPT. 27 09 A.M. PST

J AUG. 25 03 P.M. EST

J JULY 25 11 P.M. EST J AUG. 10 04 P.M. EST L AUG. 21 03 A.M. EST 7 04 A.M. HST 7 11 A.M. HST

6 02 P.M. PST 7 05 A.M. PST

JULY 29 AUG. 30 SEPT. 23

JULY 15 JULY 21 AUG. 21 AUG. 21 SEPT. 15

Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

13 July (G) Southern Alaska Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II: Table i.--Summary of U.S. earthquakes for July-September 1978-Continued

July-September 1978 42.54 No

36.09 N.

41o85 No 38.03 No 39.32 No

YELLOWSTONE NAT. PARK YELLOWSTONE NAT. PARK • YELLOWSTONE NAT. PARK YELLOWSTONE NAT. PARK 44.56 No

15 27 33.5 62.11 N., 149.95 w. 40 km 3.5 ML(M) Palmer (M).

OREGON--QFF THE COAST 126.63 Wo 15

76.26W.

71.37 w.

80 0 22 w0 11

112.13W. 112.49 w. 111.09 w0

Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

C15

16 July (G) Central Alaska Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensit:2: III: McKinley Park (M).

19 July (G) Kodiak Island region Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

23 July (G) Central Alaska Origin time: Epicenter:

(M), Susitna Flats--15 km north of Anchorage (A).

v

v

IV IV III III IV

05 03 02.3 63.57 N., 150.52 w. 31 km 3.5 ML(M)

18 53 32.4 57.17 N., 152.79 w. Normal. 3.0 ML(M) Chugiak (M), Eagle River

15 19 35.5 63.31 N., 147.26 w. G JULY

V JULY 16 01 A.M. EST

J SEPT. 3 07 A.M. EST

G SEPT.

S AUG. 30 06 P.M. CST

U JULY 29 U AUG. 30 U SEPT. 23

JULY 15 01 A.M. MST JULY 21 03 A.M. MST AUG. 21 05 A.M. MST AUG. 21 06 A.M. MST G SEPT. 15 06 A.M. MST 9 03 P.M. PST

7 05 P.M. EST

07 A.M. MST 08 A.M. MST 01 A.M. MST Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes, Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

Depth:

Magnitude:

Intensity III:

27 July (G) Central Alaska Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV:

27 July (G) Central Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III:

27 July (G) Central Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III:

3 August (G) Kenai Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III:

8 August (G) Southern Alaska Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity V:

Intensity IV:

Intensity III: Anchorage (M), Girdwood.

Intensity II:

13 August (G) Southern Alaska Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV:

Intensity III:

18 August (G) Southern Alaska Origin time: Epicenter: Depth:

cracked).

Valdez, Whittier.

Skwentna.

Wasilla (M).

Normal.

5.0 mb, 4.8 ML(M)

14 18 48.0 65.00 N., 147.60 w. 20 km 3.8 ML(A) Fairbanks.

Alaska 15 51 42.2 64.85 No' 147.59 Wo 10 km 3.6 ML(A) Fairbanks (press report).

Alaska 17 11 21.1 64.93 N., 148.02 W.

3.7 ML(A)

Fairbanks (press report).

Peninsula 06 33 30.9 59.78 No, 151.15 Wo 89 km None computed. Homer (M).

09 30 03.3 61.3 9 N. , 146. 91 W. 53 km 5.3 mb Palmer (few windows

Chugiak.

00 49 41.0 62.28 N., 149.71 W. 65 km 4.1 mb Anchorage, Chugiak,

Big Lake (M), Palmer (M),

18 52 28.4 59.89 N., 153.53 w. 123 km

C16

22 August (G) Central Alaska

22 August (G) Central Alaska

22 August (A) Central Alaska

22 August (A) Central Alaska

26 August (G) Central Alaska

3 September (A) Central Alaska july-September 1978--Continued

Magnitude: Intensity VI:

terboard, hairline cracks in exterior cinderblock walls, small objects shifted). Intensity V: Intensity IV:

Landing, Eagle River, Girdwood, Homer, Kenai, Larsen Bay, Moose Pass, Port Lions, Seldovia, Skwentna, Tyonek, Whittier. Intensity III: Cordova (M), Healey (M), King Salmon (M), Kodiak (M), Soldotna, Spenard, Willow. Intensity II:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II: 5.4 mb, 5.7 mb(B) Clam Gulch (cracked plas-

Sterling. Anchorage, Chugiak, Cooper

Fairbanks (M), Nikishka.

04 13 55 0 3 65.16 N., 151.99 w. 14 km 4.0 ML(M) Tanana (M).

09 53 24.2 65.23 N., 152.12 w. 17 km 3.8 ML(M) Tanana (M).

10 12 02.8 64.92 N., 152.53 l-1.

3.8 ML{A) Tanana.

10 29 08.0 64.99 N., 152.31 w. 1 km 3.4 ML(A) Tanana.

13 44 31.2 65.08 N., 152.36 w. Normal. 3.3 ML(A) Tanana (M).

06 27 05.4 64.58 N., 147.16 w. 11 km 3.9 ML Eielson AFB (A), Fairbanks Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes, Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

Cl8

Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

About 65 people were injured, but there

A Southern Pacific Transportation Company

A total of three overpasses crossing u.s.

The earthquake caused several rock slides Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

were no fatalities. The worst damage (intensity VII) occurred at the University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB) campus, at Goleta, and at Santa Barbara. At the UCSB campus several of the multistory, reinforced-concrete structures sustained moderate diagonal cracking of the shear walls in the lower stories. Instruments and supplies were destroyed in some laboratories. Damage occurred to light fixtures, ceilings, and plaster throughout the campus. Similar but less severe damage occurred in the commercial district of Goleta and in the Santa Barbara area. The damage loss is estimated at $7.31 million.

freight-train derailment occurred west of Goleta near Winchester Canyon Road in an area of cut-and-fill roadbed (fig. 7). The 49 empty and 9 loaded cars travelling at about 50 mph derailed when passing over a "kink" in the tracks, apparently the result of roadbed-fill failure; 30 of the cars w~re derailed and a section of the track was damaged.

Highway 101, all steel-reinforced concrete structures located in the Goleta area, suffered significant earthquake damage. These overpasses are: the adjacent curving bridges on Ward Hemorial Road, the one at Glen Annie Road, and the one at the western end of Hollister Avenue just east of the railroad derailment. The most extensive damage was sustained by the Ward Memorial bridges, which were subjected to considerable transverse motion that shifted the superstructures relative to the abutments causing the concrete to crack and spall in a number of places. Most of the Ward Memorial Road bridges' bents sustained damage that ranged from light cracking and incipient spalling, to localized deep spalling that exposed reinforcement bars.

on San Marcos Pass Road, the section of State Highway 154 that runs northwest through the Santa Ynez Mountains from u.s. Highway 101 between Goleta and Santa Barbara. Most of the slides occurred on roadcuts where there were steep inclines. Extension fractures opened in at least one area on a steep slope which forms the

Cl9

shoulder of the highway. Some minor slides occurred along the cliffs at the coastline and off the roads in the Santa Ynez Mountains.

Porcella and others (1979) reported that eight accelerograms were recovered from strong-motion stations at Santa Barbara, Goleta, Cochuma Dam, and UCSB campus. The highest accelerations that were recorded at the three-story North Hall building on the UCSB campus were 0.44 ~' 0.66 A' and 0.99 ~' for the ground, third floor, and roof levels, respectively.

Due to an error, the affected area of this earthquake was insufficiently canvassed with USGS questionnaires; as a result, the isoseismal map shown in figure 8 does not have as much intensity data as would normally be collected. However, the data is extensive enough to show this earthquake was felt over an area of approximately 25,000 sq km along the southern California coast.

Intensity VII:

Goleta-University of California Santa Barbara area--There was significant earthquak~ damage to buildings within an 8-km radius of the UCSB campus. On campus there was extensive cracking of reinforced-concrete shear walls in the Biological Sciences II Building, Engineering Building, Library III, University Center, Anacapa Residence Hall, Santa Cruz Residence Hall, and North Hall. Mechanical equipment on or near the roof tops of multistory buildings suffered considerable damage from building movement during the earthquake. A few very old adobe or wood-frame buildings were seriously damaged.

The Air Traffic Control Tower at the airport, a steel-frame structure with lateral reinforcment, was shaken so that it sustained an estimated permanent deflection of 1.3 to 2.5 em. Two other buildings sustained cracked concrete-floor slabs, with shifted wood columns and walls in one. Damage to the hangars consisted of buckled diagonal steel bracings and failure of some of the structural connections at the supports for the large sliding doors. FIGURE 7.--Southern Pacific Transportation Company freight train derailment west of Goleta, Calif.

The most widespread type of damage was The Ward Memorial Road bridges were damaged by the shifting of the ground, which caused the bridge decks to impact at several expansion joints and resulted in cracked and spalled concrete. The bridges were temporarily closed.

The most common damage to residential and small commercial buildings consisted of cracked and fallen plaster and stucco, differential settlement of foundations, failure of unreinforced chimneys, fallen hot water heaters, dislodgement of airconditioning ducts, dislodgement of Santa Barbara--Several multistory buildtiles and panels from suspended acoustical ceilings, lighting fixtures loosened or fallen, and glass broken. A common type of damage to mobile homes is shown in figure 9. The mobile homes were thrown off their mounts, crumpling the skirts around the base and dislodging the contents of the home.

breakage of household belongings and store merchandise that toppled from shelves. In homes, cupboards and refrigerators were thrown open, spilling their contents. Liquor stores and supermarkets sustained heavy losses from breakage. About one-third of the UCSB library's 1.2 million books were thrown to the floor. The UCSB laboratories suffered much damage and glass breakage when wall cabinets broke loose and fell, spilling their contents.

ings sustained diagonal cracks in their reinforced-concrete shear walls, particularly in the lower floors. The Freitas Building at 200 E. Carrillo Street and the Santa Barbara Court House Building suffered some damage. The Santa Barbara County Administration Building at

12t

FIGURE 8.--Isoseismal map for the southern California earthquake of 13 August 1978, 22 54 53.5 UTC. Arabic numerals are used to represent these intensities at specific sites.

Anacapa and Anapamu Streets suffered diagonal tension cracks in some of the columns on the north side of the building. The roof of an unoccupied restaurant that was being remodeled at 100 W. Anapamu Street collapsed. The floating dock at Marina No. 1 was damaged by the movement of the concrete support piles which were buried

3. 6 m into the mud. Several water

mains were broken. There was widespread breakage and damage to

75 km

Roman numerals represent Modified Mercalli intensities between isoseismals;

CALIFORNIA

household belongings or store merchandise as described for the Goleta area above.

Intensity VI: Solvang (cracked drywall, hairline cracks in exterior walls, stone or brick fences cracked, few windows cracked, small objects shifted, vehicles rocked moderately, felt by all).

Intensity V: Carpenteria, Los Alamos, Santa Maria, Santa Ynez.

7 Felt at intensity 7 o Not felt

Intensity IV:

Intensity III: Bellflower, Granada Hills,

Intensity II:

13 August (K) Southern California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

Artesia, Bakersfield, Camarillo, Cuyama, East Ventura, Fillmore, Grover City, Guadalupe, Halcyon, Hawthorne, Hillcrest Center, Lake Hughes, Lakewood, Lamont, Lompoc, Montalvo, Newbury Park, Norwalk, Oxnard, Palms, Pineside, Port Hueneme, Pumpkin Center, Oceano, Ojai, Redlands, Santa Paula, Shafter, Sherman Oaks, Studio City, Taft, Thousand Oaks, Van Nuys, Vandenburg AFB, Ventura.

La Crescenta, La Verne, Leona Valley, Long Beach, Manhattan Beach, West Covina.

Beach, San Luis Obispo, Santa Ana (Marine Corps Air Station), Simi Valley, Wasco.

FIGURE 9.--Damage to mobile home near Goleta, Calif.

Montrose, Morro Bay, Pismo

23 11 01.7 34.40 N., 119.76 w. 13 km 3.4 ML(P), 3.3 ML Santa Barbara area.

C22

13 August (K) Southern California

13 August (K) Southern California

14 August (K) Southern California

16 August (B) Northern California California--Continued

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: 23 15 02.5 34.41 N., 119.77 H. 13 km 3.1 ML(P), 3.0 ML Santa Barbara area.

23 23 53.8 34.40 N., 119.74 W. 12 km 3.4 ML(P), 2.9 ML Santa Barbara area.

01 02 35.1 34.40 N., 119.72 w. 14 km 3.1 ML(P), 2.7 ML Santa Barbara area.

07 45 32.4 40.33 N., 124.39 W. 21 km 3.8 ML

C23

Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

4 September (B) Lake Tahoe region Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude:

Only the Topaz and eastern Amador County

Intensity V:

Intensity IV:

Intensity III:

Intensity II:

4 September (B) Lake Tahoe region Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude:

This is the largest magnitude event of a

Intensity VI:

Chino, Diamond Bar, East Los Angeles County (P), North Orange County (P), Redlands, South San Bernardino.

intensity data are from USGS questionnaires, all the other intensities are based on press reports.

California--South Lake Tahoe (few broken dishes).

California--Eastern Amador County, in the Lake Tahoe Sierra region. Nevada--Gardnerville, Stateline, Topaz.

California--Grass Valley, lone, Jackson, Leek Springs (El Dorado National Forest), Placerville, Pollock Pines, Tahoe City, Truckee. Nevada--Carson City, Incline Village, Minden, Zephyr Cove.

California--Stockton, Strawberry.

series of earthquakes on September 3 and 4 in the area south of Lake Tahoe. It was felt over an area of approximately 45,500 sq km of California and Nevada (fig •. 1 0) •

California--Mt. Aukum (dry wall cracked, hairline cracks in exterior walls, water splashed onto sides of lakes and pools). Nevada--Genoa (plaster and dry wall cracked; hairline cracks in exterior walls; windows, doors, and dishes rattled; vehicles rocked slightly; buildings shook) •

California--Bear Valley (heavy furniture shifted; small objects shifted; pictures fell; buildings shook; windows, Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

04 52 32.3 38.82 N., 119.81 w. 18 km 3.9 mb(G), 4.6 ML

Intensity IV:

21 54 53.2 38.81 N., 119.82 W. 19 km 4.7 mb(G), 5.3 ML

Intensity III:

C24

doors, and dishes rattled), Camp Connell (light furniture shifted; small objects shifted; hanging pictures swung; buildings shook; windows, doors, and dishes rattled), Glencoe (heavy furniture shifted; hanging pictures swung; buildings shook; windows, doors, and dishes rattled), South Lake Tahoe (small objects fell; water in small containers slightly disturbed; buildings shook; windows, doors, and dishes rattled), Topaz (small objects fell, buildings shook; windows, doors, and dishes rattled). Twin Bridges (light furniture shifted; small objects fell; hanging pictures swung; buildings shook; windows, doors, and dishes rattled). Nevada--Minden (light furniure shifted;

small objects overturned, fell, and broke; water in small containers spilled; hanging pictures swung out of place; buildings shook; windows, doors, and dishes rattled).

California--Alta, Altaville, Amador City, Angels Camp, Arnold, Baxter, Camino, Carnelian Bay, Chicago Park, Citrus Heights, Coleville, Colfax, Cool, Diamond Springs, Dobbins, Douglas Flat, Echo Lake area, El Portal, Fiddletown, Floriston, Foresthill, Georgetown, Gold Run, Hathaway Pines, Homewood, lone, Jackson, Kyburz, Linden, Long Barn, Lotus, Mammoth Lakes, Mariposa, Markleville, Mi-Wuk Village, Mokelumne Hill, Mono Vista, Mountain Ranch, Murphys, Pacific House, Penn Valley, Pine Grove, Pollock Pines, Rail Road Flat, River Pines, Sheep Ranch, Sierraville, Soda Springs, Sonora, Standard, Stateline (press report), Strawberry, Sutter Creek, Tahoe City, Tahoe Vista, between Tamarak Lake and Echo Lake, Truckee, Tuolumne, Twain Harte, Valley Springs, H"allace, Washington, Wawona, \Vhite Pines, Winters. Nevada--Carson City, Dayton, Fallon, Gardnerville, Glenbrook, Reno, Schurz, Silver City, Smith, Zephyr Cove.

California--Alleghany, Blairsden, Chilcoot, Copperopolis, Grass Valley (press report), La Porte, Pioneer, Placerville (press report), Sacramento (Foothill Farms), San Andreas, Shingle Springs, Sloughhouse, Smithflat, Stockton, Valley Home, Volcano, West Point, Wilton. Nevada--Incline Village, Wellington

FIGURE 10.--Isoseismal map for the Lake Tahoe earthquake of 4 September 1978, 21 54 53.2 UTC.

75 km

Roman numerals represent Modified Mercalli intensities between isoseismals; Arabic numerals are used to represent these intensities at specific sites.

EXPLANATION

C26

24 September (P) Southern California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV:

26 September (P) Southern California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

16 July (G) Southeastern Pennsylvania Origin time:

See Pennsylvania listing.

The locations shown below followed by (H) designate intensity values assigned by the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.

July (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: }1agnitude: Intensity IV: Intensity III: Mauna Loa Observatory (H),

Intensity II:

July (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: :t-1agnitude: Intensity III: Glenwood (H) •

July (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: :t-1agnitude: Intensity III:

14 July (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time:

Barbara.

Pohakuloa (H) • Goleta, Isla Vista, Santa

Beverly Hills (P).

3. 9 ML

Hilo (H), Puna (H).

Kohala (H), Kana (H).

C27

16 July (H) Island

9 August (H) Island of Hawaii

12 August (H) Island

29 August (H) Island

30 August (H) Island of Hawaii

August (H) Island of Hawaii Hawaii--Continued

Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III:

of Hawaii Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV: Intensity III:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Hagnitude: Intensity III:

Kurtistown (H), Mountainview (H), Volcano

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV: Intensity III:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III: Blacksand Subdivision (H), Hilo (H), Kalapana (H), Volcano (H).

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV: Intensity III: Ahualoa (H), Ainaloa (H), Glewnood (H), Hawaiian Beaches (H), Hawaiian Paradise Park (H), Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (H), Hilo (H), Honokaa (H), Kamuela (H), Volcano Golf Course Volcano (H).

Kalapana (H) • Glenwood (H), Hilo (H).

Glenwood (H), Hilo (H),

Hilo (H). Mountainview (H), Volcano

Hilo (press report).

Kau (H).

C28

Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

20 September (S) Eastern Missouri Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude:

o. w. Nuttli, St. Louis University,

This earthquake was felt over an area of

Intensity V:

Intensity IV:

Intensity III:

Intensity II:

reported two places with minor damage that are not reflected in the intensity values listed below. One \vas in southeast St. Louis where one of the concrete posts, 76 em high and 25 em square, which supported a wooden porch, cracked entirely across and showed evidence of slight displacement. The other occurred at Ladue where a plaster ceiling cracked down the middle.

approximately 3, 700 sq km of Illinois and Missouri (fig. 12).

Illinois--Belleville (plaster cracked in one home, small objects shifted, windows rattled), Eas't Alton (few windows cracked; windows, doors, and dishes rattled). Missouri--North County (few windows cracked; buildings shook; windows, doors, and dishes rattled).

Illinois--Alton, Caseyville, Dupo, East Carondelet, Edwardsville, Elsah, Glen Carbon, Godfrey, Granite City, Lebanon, Litchfield (press report), Lovejoy, Madison, ~~rine, Mora, National Stock Yards, O'Fallon, Roxana, Smithton, South Roxana, Venice. Missouri--Affton, Benton Park, Berkeley, Brentwood, Carondelet, Chesterfield, Christian Bechtold, Clayton, Crestwood (press report), Defiance, Ferguson, Florissant, Gravois, Jennings, Lambert Airport, Manchester, Maplewood, Northwest Plaza, Northwood, Olivette, Pierre Laclede, Portage Des Sioux, Richmond Heights, Sappington, St. Ann, St. Charles, St. Louis, St. Peters, University City, Webster Groves, West Alton.

Illinois--Columbia, Wood River. Missouri--Des Peres, Fenton.

Illinois--Chicago (press report), Dow. Missouri--Grover, Hematite. 12 24 08.8 38.57 N., 90.28 w. 2 km 3.1 mbLg, 3.0 mbLg(G)

FIGURE 12.--Isoseismal map for the eastern Missouri earthquake of 20 September 1978, 12 24 08.8 UTC. Roman numerals represent Modified Mercalli intensi- ties between isoseismals; Arabic intensities at specific sites.

Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

FIGURE 12.--Isoseismal map for the eastern

6 July (G) Northern

12 July (E) Southern

29 July (G) Central Missouri earthquake of 20 September 1978, 12 24 08.8 UTC. Roman numerals represent Modified Mercalli intensities between numerals are used to represent these intensities at specific sites.

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV:

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude:

Nevada Test Site explosion "L<MBALL" at 37°04'43.21" N., 116°02'37.63" w., surface elevation 1252 m, depth of burial 564 m.

Nevada Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:

Nevada 22 21 22.0 39.11 N., 116.22 W. 10 km 3.8 ML Eureka.

Nevada 17 00 00.075 37.079 N., 116.044 W. 0 km 5.5 mb(G), 4.1 MS(G), 5.4 ML(B)

22 32 07.1 38.40 N., 115.24 W.

3 • 9 mb, 4. 2 ML Ely (R), Eureka. Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

4 September (B) Lake Tahoe region Origin time:

See California listing.

4 September (B) Lake Tahoe region Origin time:

See California listing.

25 Aug~st (J) Southeastern New Hampshire Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III:

16 July (G) Southeastern Pennsylvania Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Hagnitude:

This earthquake was felt over an area of

Intensity V:

Intensity IV:

Intensity III:

approximately 1,600 sq km of Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland (fig. 13).

Pennsylvania--Lancaster (few plaster cracks), New Providence (few plaster cracks).

Maryland--Cardiff, Pylesville, Whiteford. Pennsylvania--Airville, Bart, Bausman, Brogue, Buck, Columbia, Conestoga, Craley, East Prospect, Fawn Grove, Gordonville, Holtwood, Kirkwood, Millersville, Hount Nebo, Hountville, Paradise, Peach Bottom, Penryn, Pequea, Rawlinsville, Red Lion, Refton, Smoketown, Strasburg, Washington Boro, Willow Street, Windsor, Wrightsville (11 km south).

Maryland--Darlington. Pennsylvania--Manheim. 04 52 31.6

20 01 30.5 42.87 N., 70.83 w. 0 km 2.3 mbLg Seabrook (J).

06 39 37.8 39.92 N., 76.26 w. 5 km 2.9 mbLg(V), 3.1 mbLg(J)

FIGURE 13.--Isoseismal map for the southeastern Pennsylvania earthquake Ro- man numerals represent Modified Mer- calli intensities between isoseismals; Arabic numerals are used to represent these intensities at specific sites.

Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,

7 September (G) Eastern South Carolina

C30

13.--Isoseismal southeastern Pennsylvania earthquake of 16 July 1978, 06 39 37.8 UTC. man numerals represent Modified Mercalli intensities between isoseismals; Arabic numerals are used to represent these intensities at specific sites.

Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV:

(4.2 km southwest on Highway 17A-- windows, doors, and dishes rattled). Intensity III:

city area, Summerville--Briarwood (3.2 km south on State Highway 199), College Park (7.8 km east off Interstate 26), Flowertown Village (5.1 km southwest on Highway 17A), King's Grant (8 km south on Highway 642), Knightsville (5.8 km west on Highway 13), Oakdale Subdivision (4 km southwest on Highway 17A), Old Orangeburg Road (5.3 km west on Highway 22), Owen's Circle (5.9 km south on Highway 165), Pine Forest Estates (4 km southwest on Highway 17A), Quail Arbor II (3.8 km south on Highway 165), Quail Arbor V (4.6 km south on Highway 199), Shepard Park (2.2 km west on Highway 17A), Twin Oaks map for the

22 53 22.3 33.07 N., 80.22 w. 11 km 2.7 mbLg Summerville--Corey Woods

Jedburg, Summerville-- Table 2.--Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes, TaMe 2.-Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes, July-September 1978-Continued July-September 1978--Continued

(31 ACKNOWEDGMENTS

Listed below are the collaborators who furnished data to the National Earthquake Information Service for use in this Circular:

ALASKA:

CALIFORNIA:

HAWAII:

MASSACHUSETTS: Edward F. Chiburis, Weston

MISSOURI:

MONTANA:

NEW YORK:

liTAH:

VIRGINIA:

WASHINGTON:

WYOMING: Staff of National Oceanic and

Clarence R. Allen, Seismological

Bruce A. Bolt, Seismograph Sta-

Robert Y. Koyanagi, u.s. Geolog-

Otto Nuttli, Department of Geol-

Anthony Qamar, University of

Lynn R. Sykes and Yash P.

Department of Geological and

G. A. Bollinger, Department of

Robert s. Crosson, Geophysics

R. A. Hutchinson, National Park Atmospheric Administration, Alaska Tsunami Warning Center, Palmer.

Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena.

tion, University of California, Berkeley.

ical Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hawaii National Park.

Observatory, Weston.

ogy and Geophysics, St. Louis University, St. Louis.

Montana, Missoula.

Aggarwal, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades.

Geophysical Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.

Geological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.

Program, University of Washington, Seattle.

Service, Yellowstone National Park.

C32

Bath, Markus, 1966, Earthquake energy and magni-

Bennett, J. H., Sherburne, R. w., Cramer, c. H.,

Gutenberg, B. and Richter, c. F.,

Lee, w. H. K., Johnson, c. E., Henyey,

Miller, R. K., and Felszeghy,

Nuttli, o. w., 1973, Seismic wave attenuation

Porcella, R. L., Maley, R. P., and Acosta, A.

Wood, H. o., and Neumann, 'Mercalli Intensity Scale of 1931: Bulletin tude, Earth, Volume 7: Oxford and New York, Pergamon Press, P• 115-165.

Chesterman, 1979, Stephens Pass earthquakes: nia Geology, v. 32, no. 2, p. 27-34.

tude and energy of earthquakes: Annali di Geofisica, v. 9, no. 1, P• 1-15.

and Yerkes, R. study of the Santa Barbara, California earthquake of August 13, 1978 and its major aftershocks: u.s. Geological Survey Circular 797, 11 p.

Engineering features of the Santa Barbara earthquake of August 13, 1978: Engineering Research Institute and University of California, ME-78-2, 140 P•

and magnitude relations for eastern North America: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 78, no. 5, P• 876-885.

v., 1979, Strong-motion results from the Santa Barbara, August 13,

San Francisco, Co., Inc., 768 P•

of the Seismological Society of America, v. 21, no. 4, P• 277-283.

REFERENCES CITED

in Physics and chemistry of the c. w., and Chapman, R. H.,

c., 1978, A preliminary

California earthquake of 1978:

1958, Elementary seismology: Calif., w. H. Freeman and

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