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Current exclusionary fencing at Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park. NPS.
Three national parks in Hawaiʻi will rebuild about 64 miles of perimeter exclusionary fencing — the segments most likely to fail — with funding from the Great American Outdoors Act (GAOA).
Why fences
- What they do: exclusionary fences keep invasive animals out of protected areas, and have made possible over 20 years of ecosystem recovery.
- What's outside: non-native, feral goats, deer, sheep, cattle, pigs, dogs and cats. A single failure could open these ecosystems to extensive damage.
- Why it matters: protecting native ecosystems and watersheds matters to Native Hawaiian people and to the National Park Service alike.
The three parks
| Park | What the fence protects | Miles to replace |
|---|---|---|
| Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park | an International Biosphere Reserve and UNESCO World Heritage Site, with some of the world's most unique geological, biological and cultural landscapes | 40 |
| Haleakalā National Park (Maui) | the signature silversword, and rare, colorful forest birds racing for survival against a changing climate and habitat damage by feral animals | 15 |
| Kalaupapa National Historical Park | threatened and endangered plants — pamakani (Tetramolopium rockii) grows only inside its fenced enclosures — plus coastal spray vegetation and heiau rock walls and other structures built by Native Hawaiians | nine |
The project
- Why now: the old fencing has outlived its expected life in corrosive volcanic and salt-air conditions.
- How: most of the fence runs through remote, extremely difficult terrain, so contracted helicopters will fly in materials.
- Also: four run-down resource-management buildings at Hawaiʻi Volcanoes used for plant propagation — a maintenance greenhouse, greenhouse office, potting shed and insect quarantine bughouse — will be rehabilitated.
- Visitors: very limited impact during construction.
| Cost | about $30.5 million ($30.539 million) |
| Anticipated start | 2023, fourth quarter |
| Anticipated completion | 2028, second quarter |
| Status when written | design under way |
Goals
- Replace the 64 miles of fence most urgently in need.
- Prevent erosion and damage to trails, campsites, front-country areas, cultural landscapes and archeological features, and protect water quality downslope.
- Cut costs of animal control and revegetation.
- Reduce the chance of dangerous encounters with non-native wildlife.
- Build fencing that stays sound for 20 years.
- Correct $36.2 million of high-priority deferred maintenance.
Benefits
Keeping the fences protects more than 50 federally listed threatened and endangered species and their critical habitat from grazing and trampling, removes a key stressor on Hawaiʻi's native species — making them more resilient to climate change — and safeguards the experience of the parks' 3.2 million annual visitors.
A corroded fence anchor. NPS.
A failing fence line at Hawaiʻi Volcanoes. NPS.
Sources
Based on "Perimeter Fencing at Three Hawaiʻi Parks to be Reconstructed Through GAOA Funding to Protect Unique Park Ecosystems," National Park Service; a work of the United States government in the public domain. See also Great American Outdoors Act projects.
Dans ces publicationsHawaiʻi Volcanoes National ParkHaleakalā National ParkKalaupapa National Historical Park
Licence : CC0 1.0 (domaine public) · Adapté de www.nps.gov
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