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I fusi orari sono fasce longitudinali della superficie terrestre che adottano lo stesso orario per scopi legali, economici e sociali. Precedentemente alla loro adozione, nelle varie zone della Terra si usava l'ora solare, che produceva un orario più o meno differente da luogo a luogo.
I fusi orari consentono di impostare gli orologi di uno specifico territorio sull'ora solare media del meridiano in cui la zona ricade.
Il riferimento per i fusi orari è il meridiano primo (longitudine 000) che passa attraverso l'Osservatorio reale di Greenwich, a Londra. L'ora d'un luogo si determina in base all'UTC (Tempo coordinato universale o Universal Time, Co-ordinated) di Greenwich. Ad esempio:
- Roma: UTC+1, ciò significa che se sono le 12:00 UTC (es. a Londra), allora a Roma sono le 13:00
- Los Angeles, California, USA: UTC-8, ciò significa che se sono le 18:00 UTC, allora sono le 10:00 a Los Angeles
- Mumbai, India: UTC+5,5, ciò significa che se sono le 10:00 UTC, allora a Mumbai sono le 15:30
Quando l'aggiustamento dovuto ai fusi orari dà un'ora che oltrepassa la mezzanotte, allora la data locale è spostata al giorno dopo. Alcuni esempi:
- Il Cairo, Egitto: UTC+2 (ovvero se sono le 23:00 UTC di lunedì 15 marzo, allora l'ora del Cairo è la 01:00 di martedì 16 marzo)
- Auckland, Nuova Zelanda: UTC+12 (ovvero se sono le 21:00 UTC di mercoledì 30 giugno, allora l'ora di Auckland è le 09:00 di giovedì 1º luglio)
Quando l'aggiustamento dovuto ai fusi orari dà un'ora che precede la mezzanotte, allora la data locale è spostata al giorno prima. Alcuni esempi:
- Buenos Aires, Argentina: UTC-4 (ovvero se sono le 03:00 UTC di sabato 23 luglio, allora l'ora di Buenos Aires è le 23:00 di venerdì 22 luglio)
- Honolulu, Hawaii, USA: UTC-10 (ovvero se sono le 06:00 UTC di lunedì 1º maggio, allora l'ora di Honolulu è le 20:00 di domenica 30 aprile)
In alcuni casi a causa dell'ora legale (che non viene usata in tutti i paesi) viene fatto un aggiustamento del fuso orario. Esempio
- Nuova Zelanda: UTC+12, osserva un aggiustamento di un'ora, dovuto all'ora legale durante l'estate dell'emisfero australe, che risulta in un'ora locale di UTC+13.
Per le regioni polari viene adottata convenzionalmente un'ora corrispondente a UTC per il Polo Nord e UTC+12 al Polo Sud
Viaggio attraverso i fusi orari
È necessario porre una certa attenzione quando si pianificano viaggi che si estendono su più fusi orari, ad esempio:
- Il tuo "orologio biologico" può subire un po' di stress quando lo si obbliga ad effettuare incontri di lavoro, visite e altre attività in quelle ore che normalmente sarebbero adibite al riposo ma a causa del fuso sono diurne.
- Si può perdere importanti impegni semplicemente non facendo mente locale su quale sarà la corretta ora locale durante il viaggio.
- Attraversando la linea di data internazionale (i.e. scavallando la mezzanotte) può causare confusione su quale sia la data corretta, ad esempio,:
Iniziare un volo di 12-15 ore dalla costa occidentale degli Stati Uniti al Giappone o Hong Kong in tarda serata può farci arrivare la mattina di due giorni più tardi.
- Se il ritorno dello stesso viaggio decolla a mezzogiorno, si può in un certo senso "tornare indietro nel tempo", in quanto si atterrerà in una data/ora antecedente alla partenza! Ad esempio, un volo tipico da Sydney a Los Angeles decollerà a pranzo e atterrerà in prima mattina alla stessa data del calendario!
Se il viaggio attraversa più fusi orari e può causare possibili impatti sulla salute e il comfort, consultare un esperto durante la pianificazione del viaggio stesso.
Jet lag
Il jet lag è una mancata corrispondenza tra il vostro orologio biologico e l'ora locale, ovunque ci si trovi. È causata da un rapido viaggio attraverso i fusi orari, ed è aggravato dal fatto che le lunghe ore trascorse su un aereo possono portare a dormire troppo o non abbastanza, o forse nel momento sbagliato. Voli da est a ovest, dove si guadagna un paio d'ore, sono di solito un po' più semplici da gestire, in quanto la maggior parte delle persone trovano più facile restare svegli un po' più a lungo per poi andare a letto un po' prima. Una regola generale è che si può recuperare circa 1 ora di differenza al giorno. Potreste notare dei miglioramenti durante la vostra permanenza anche solo dopo un paio di giorni, ma noterete vero il periodo di recupero solo dopo il viaggio di ritorno. A quel punto il vostro orologio biologico sarà davvero confuso e ci vorrà un po' per tornare alla piena normalità.
È possibile aiutare il processo di adattamento al nuovo fuso lavorandoci in anticipo, ad esempio avvicinando gradualmente le ore di sonno e veglia. Se avete intenzione di sbarcare all'inizio della giornata, cercare di dormire in aereo così si arriva riposati e pronti per una giornata piena di attività. Al contrario, se avete intenzione di arrivare vicino alla sera, cerca di rimanere svegli in aereo in modo che si possa essere stanchi, quando si arriva e godendo così di un lungo sonno.
Ora legale
In molte giurisdizioni l'ora locale viene messa avanti di un'ora d'estate per "spostare" le ore di luce alla fine della giornata: come l'ora legale (Daylight Saving Time, DST) o [nome del fuso orario locale] Daylight Time.
L'ora legale inizia all'incirca a metà primavera e termina a metà autunno, tuttavia, si deve tener presente che le stagioni dell'emisfero settentrionale sono opposte a quelle dell'emisfero meridionale: negli Stati dell'emisfero nord, quindi, l'ora legale inizia solitamente a fine marzo/inizio aprile e termina a fine ottobre/inizio novembre (le date esatte variano da paese a paese) pertanto, nell'emisfero australe, inizio e fine risultano invertiti. Gli Stati equatoriali generalmente non la usano.
Non è insolito per una singola regione (o, addirittura, per parte di una regione) la rinuncia all'ora legale in vigore nel resto della stessa nazione: questo accade, ad esempio, negli Stati Uniti.
Lista dei fusi orari nelle relative zone
Le regioni segnate con * osservano l'ora legale: aggiungere 1 ora in estate.
Alcune località differiscono nell'orario di 24 ore, quindi hanno la stessa ora ma con differenza di un giorno intero. Da notare che i due fusi orari estremi hanno la differenza di 25 ore e perciò, per un'ora al giorno, le date differiscono di 2 giorni.
Mappa dei fusi orari. (Foto: TimeZonesBoy, Public domain)
UTC+14
(Foto: User:Hanzlan, Public domain)
Kiribati:
Isole della Linea
- Sporadi equatoriali
UTC+13
(Foto: User:Hanzlan, Public domain)
Kiribati
Isole della Fenice
(Foto: Uelingatoni Ngu Tupoumalohi, Public domain)
UTC+12:45
(Foto: Original: Albert Hastings Markham Vector: Zscout370 , Hugh Jass , s. File hist, Public domain)
Nuova Zelanda (Aotearoa)
Isole Chatham
(Foto: Washiucho, Public domain)
Isole Chatham*
UTC+12
13:48, Stratford , Nuova Zelanda (Foto: Pseudopanax at en.wikipedia, Public domain)
(Foto: Tessa Mackenzie, Public domain)
Figi*
- Isola Wake
(Foto: User:Denelson83, Public domain)
Isola Wake
(Foto: User:Hanzlan, Public domain)
Kiribati
Isole Gilbert
(Foto: User:Skimel, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Albert Hastings Markham Vector: Zscout370 , Hugh Jass , s. File hist, Public domain)
Nuova Zelanda (Aotearoa)
(Foto: Peter the Great, Public domain)
Russia (Zona 11*)
- Territorio Antartico Britannico
(Foto: vector version Masur, Public domain)
Territorio Antartico Britannico
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
(Foto: Public domain)
UTC+11:30
(Foto: CC0)
UTC+11
(Foto: User:SKopp, Public domain)
- Nuova Caledonia
(Foto: User:WarX, Public domain)
(Foto: Peter the Great, Public domain)
Russia (Zona 10*)
(Foto: Public domain)
Micronesia
Kosrae
(Foto: Nena T. Lomo - modified and converted to svg by Jürgen Krause ., Public domain)
Kosrae
- Pohnpei
(Foto: Rosendo Aex first created in December 1977 with six stars - modified and convert, Public domain)
Pohnpei
(Foto: Kalontas Mahlon, Public domain)
UTC+10:30
(Foto: Original: Ivor Evans, Leslie John Hawkins, Egbert John Nuttall, Annie Dorrington, Public domain)
Australia
Australia
(Foto: Original: Ivor Evans, Leslie John Hawkins, Egbert John Nuttall, Annie Dorrington, Public domain)
Isola di Lord Howe* (DST solo 0:30)
UTC+10 (AEST - Australian Eastern Standard Time)
15:15, stazione centrale di Sydney (Foto: Ypsilon from Finland, CC0)
(Foto: Original: Ivor Evans, Leslie John Hawkins, Egbert John Nuttall, Annie Dorrington, Public domain)
Australia
Territorio della Capitale Australiana
(Foto: Ivo Ostyn (Original Designer), Public domain)
Territorio della Capitale Australiana*
- Nuovo Galles del Sud
(Foto: Denelson83 (original), Public domain)
Nuovo Galles del Sud* (eccetto Broken Hill)
- Queensland
(Foto: Government of Queensland, Public domain)
- Victoria
(Foto: Denelson83 (original), Public domain)
- Tasmania
(Foto: Unknown author (Proclaimed by Sir Frederick Weld), Public domain)
(Foto: Xrmap, Public domain)
(Foto: Public domain)
(Foto: Public domain)
(Foto: User:Nightstallion, Public domain)
(Foto: Peter the Great, Public domain)
Russia (Zona 9*, comprende Vladivostok)
(Foto: Public domain)
Micronesia
Yap
(Foto: Public domain)
Yap
- Chuuk
(Foto: Froztbyte, CC BY-SA 3.0)
Chuuk
UTC+9:30 (ACST - Australian Central Standard Time)
(Foto: Original: Ivor Evans, Leslie John Hawkins, Egbert John Nuttall, Annie Dorrington, Public domain)
Australia
Broken Hill nel Nuovo Galles del Sud
(Foto: Denelson83 (original), Public domain)
- Territorio del Nord
(Foto: Robert Ingpen, Public domain)
- Australia Meridionale
(Foto: Robert Craig (Likely Original Designer), Public domain)
UTC+9 (JST)
13:53, Tokyo , Giappone (Foto: Morio, CC BY-SA 3.0)
(Foto: Original: Unknown author Vector: Zscout370, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Government of the Republic of Korea Vector: Great Brightstar and oth, Public domain)
Corea del Sud (KST - Ora Standard della Corea)
(Foto: Various, Public domain)
Giappone (JST - Ora Standard del Giappone)
(Foto: Jayakatwang, Public domain)
Indonesia (orientale)
(Foto: Original: John Blau Skebong Vector: Nightstallion, Public domain)
(Foto: Peter the Great, Public domain)
Russia (Zona 8*, comprende Yakutsk)
(Foto: See File history , below, for details., Public domain)
UTC+8 (AWST - Australian Western Standard Time)
23:25, Kuala Lumpur , Malesia (Foto: Bearsmalaysia, CC BY-SA 3.0)
(Foto: Original: Ivor Evans, Leslie John Hawkins, Egbert John Nuttall, Annie Dorrington, Public domain)
Australia
Australia Occidentale
(Foto: Original: Frederick Weld Vector: Denelson83, Public domain)
(Foto: Nightstallion, Public domain)
(Foto: Zeng Liansong, Public domain)
Cina (continentale)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Designed by Tao Ho
SVG code of 24 November 2005 version copied from Open Clip , Public domain)
(Foto: Jayakatwang, Public domain)
Indonesia (centrale)
(Foto: see File history, Public domain)
(Foto: MapGrid (old version SKopp , Zscout370 and Ranking Update ), Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Peter the Great, Public domain)
Russia (Zona 7*)
(Foto: Original: Government of Singapore Vector: Zscout370, Public domain)
(Foto: Sun Yat-sen, Public domain)
Si noti che l'intera Cina ha lo stesso orario, il che rende questo fuso orario eccezionalmente ampio. All'estremità occidentale della Cina il sole raggiunge lo zenit alle 15:00, all'estremità orientale alle 11:00.
UTC+7
09:29, Non Sung, Thailandia (Foto: Talkrabb, CC BY-SA 3.0)
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
(Foto: Jayakatwang, Public domain)
Indonesia (occidentale)
(Foto: Tony Couch, Public domain)
Isola di Natale (Australia)
(Foto: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: Peter the Great, Public domain)
Russia (Zona 6*)
(Foto: Zscout370, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
UTC+6:30
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
UTC+6
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Shaken Niyazbekop, Public domain)
Kazakistan (orientale)*
(Foto: Peter the Great, Public domain)
Russia (Zona 5*, comprende Novosibirsk e Omsk)
(Foto: Original: Sri Lanka
Vectorization: Zscout370, Mike Rohsopht, Public domain)
UTC+5:45
(Foto: Public domain)
(Foto: Drawn by Pumbaa80 , Achim1999, Public domain)
(Foto: Public domain)
UTC+5:30 (IST - Indian Standard Time)
17:01, Kerala , India (Foto: RanjithSiji, CC BY 3.0)
(Foto: Government of India, Public domain)
UTC+5
(Foto: Original: Stepan Malkhasyants Vector: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: SKopp and others, Public domain)
(Foto: Shaken Niyazbekop, Public domain)
Kazakistan (centrale)*
(Foto: Shakiev N.T., Primov U.B., Public domain)
(Foto: See File history , below, for details., Public domain)
(Foto: User:Zscout370, Public domain)
(Foto: Peter the Great, Public domain)
Russia (Zona 4*, comprende Ekaterinburg e Perm)
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
(Foto: Public domain)
(Foto: Farhod Yoʻldoshev, Public domain)
UTC+4:30
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
UTC+4
13:52, Volgograd , Russia (Foto: Zindox, CC BY-SA 3.0)
(Foto: Abdulla Mohammed Al Maainah, Public domain)
(Foto: Last update by MapGrid
SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: Shaken Niyazbekop, Public domain)
Kazakistan (Occidentale)*
(Foto: Zscout370, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Unknown Vector: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: Peter the Great, Public domain)
Russia (Zona 3*)
(Foto: User:Vxb83, Public domain)
UTC+3:30
(Foto: SVG file: SiBr 4 Designer: Hamid Nadimi Construction: ISIRI, Public domain)
Iran*
UTC+3 (MSK - Moscow Time)
10:43, Moshi , Tanzania (Foto: nukta77, CC BY-SA 2.0)
(Foto: The Shura Council, Public domain)
(Foto: Source: Drawn by SKopp , rewritten by Zscout370, Public domain)
(Foto: Original : Comoros ; Vector : see file history, Public domain)
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
(Foto: Drawn by User:SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
Iraq*
(Foto: User:Pumbaa80, Public domain)
(Foto: Public domain)
(Foto: Public domain)
- Mayotte
(Foto: from the xrmap flag collection 2.9., Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Peter the Great, Public domain)
Russia (Zona 2*, include Mosca e San Pietroburgo; questo fuso orario si applica anche alle ferrovie di tutta la Russia)
(Foto: see upload history, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Achim1999, Public domain)
(Foto: Public domain)
(Foto: tobias, Public domain)
(Foto: Nightstallion et al., see File history below for details., Public domain)
UTC+2 (EET - East European Time)
21:50, Sighișoara , Romania (Foto: MarculescuEugenIancuD60Alaska from Anchorage, Alaska, USA, CC BY-SA 2.0)
- Regno Unito
(Foto: Original: Acts of Union 1800 Vector: Yaddah, Public domain)
Area delle Basi Sovrane di Akrotiri e Dhekelia
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: SKopp , Gabbe , Madden, Public domain)
(Foto: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: İsmet Güney , SVG by User:Vzb83~commonswiki, Public domain)
- Palestina
(Foto: Orionist , previous versions by Makaristos , Mysid , etc., Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Unknown author Vector: SKopp , PeepP and others, Public domain)
(Foto: Unknown, Public domain)
(Foto: Unknown, Public domain)
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
(Foto: Israel Belkind and Fanny Abramovitch (original)
“The Provisional Council of St, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Ansis Cīrulis Vector: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Henri Pharaon, Public domain)
(Foto: Various The SVG code is valid . This vector image was created with a text edit, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Jonas Basanavičius, Tadas Daugirdas and Antanas Žmuidzinavičius Vect, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Unknown author Vector: Achim1999, Public domain)
(Foto: Gheorghe Vrabie, Public domain)
(Foto: FRELIMO, Public domain)
(Foto: Nightstallion, Public domain)
Repubblica Democratica del Congo
Kasai Occidentale
- Kasai Orientale
- Alto Zaire
- Provincia del Katanga
(Foto: AdiJapan, Public domain)
(Foto: Peter the Great, Public domain)
Russia (Zona 1*, compresa Kaliningrad)
(Foto: Original: Unknown Vector: Zscout370, Public domain)
- Palestina
(Foto: Orionist , previous versions by Makaristos , Mysid , etc., Public domain)
(Foto: Flag design by Frederick Brownell , image by Wikimedia Commons users, Public domain)
(Foto: Sobhuza II, Public domain)
(Foto: Modification by AnonMoos of PD image File:Flag of Syria (1930–1958, 1961–1963).s, Public domain)
(Foto: David Benbennick (original author), Public domain)
(Foto: Government of Ukraine, Public domain)
(Foto: Gabriel Ellison, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
UTC+1 (CET - Central European Time)
13:52, Seligenstadt , Germania (Foto: E-W, CC BY-SA 3.0)
19:57, Tripoli , Libya (Foto: SashaCoachman, CC BY-SA 3.0)
(Foto: Sadik Kaceli, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Napoleon III Vector: HansenBCN, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Henrique de Carvalho Santos Vector: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: Bundesministerium für Landesverteidigung, Public domain)
(Foto: Dbenbenn, Public domain)
(Foto: Drawn by User:SKopp , rewritten by User:Gabbe, Public domain)
(Foto: Mladen Kolobarić, Public domain)
(Foto: (of code) -xfi-, Public domain)
(Foto: SKopp & others (see upload log), Public domain)
(Foto: Nightstallion, Elephantus, Neoneo13, Denelson83, Rainman, R-41, Minestrone, Lupo, Public domain)
(Foto: Madden and others, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Unknown Vector: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: Léon Augé and Pierre Claver Eyeghe, Public domain)
(Foto: User:SKopp , User:Madden , and other users, Public domain)
(Foto: Created on behalf of Isabella I of Castile in 1502; this version uploaded by Den, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: See below., Public domain)
- Norvegia
(Foto: Original: Fredrik Meltzer Vector: Gutten på Hemsen, Public domain)
Isole Svalbard e Norvegia
(Foto: Original: Fredrik Meltzer Vector: Gutten på Hemsen, Public domain)
(Foto: Mnmazur and others, Public domain)
(Foto: Drawn by User:SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: User:SKopp , redrawn by User:Gabbe, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Drawn by User:SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: B1mbo , Froztbyte , Great Brightstar, Public domain)
(Foto: SVG by Vzb83~commonswiki et al., Public domain)
(Foto: Made by: Philippe Verdy User:verdy_p , see also fr:Utilisateur:verdy_p ., Public domain)
(Foto: Jon Harald Søby ., Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Fredrik Meltzer Vector: Gutten på Hemsen, Public domain)
(Foto: Zscout370, Public domain)
(Foto: See below., Public domain)
(Foto: Jaroslav Kursa, Public domain)
(Foto: Barthélemy Boganda, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Nightstallion, Public domain)
Repubblica Democratica del Congo
(Foto: Connormah, Public domain)
Kinshasa
- Bandundu
- Bas-Zaire
- Equateur
(Foto: El Uali Mustafá Sayed from Polisario Front, Public domain)
(Foto: Zscout370, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Ladislav Čisárik and Ladislav Vrtel Vector: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Marko Pogačnik Vector: Achim1999, Public domain)
(Foto: RelShot 263 , Echando una mano ; earlier version was Pedro A. Gracia Fajardo, es, Public domain)
(Foto: Jon Harald Søby and others., Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Unknown
Vector:
User:Marc Mongenet
Credits: User:-xfi-
User:Zs, Public domain)
(Foto: Various Wikimedia Commons' contributors, Public domain)
(Foto: SKopp, Public domain)
UTC (WET - West European Time)
12:00, Big Ben, Londra (Foto: Minielena313, CC BY-SA 3.0)
15:38, Évora , Portogallo (Foto: João Carvalho, CC BY-SA 3.0)
(Foto: Drawn by SKopp , rewritten by Gabbe and Андрей Перцев, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Vzb83
i The source code of the previous SVG was invalid due to 39 errors., Public domain)
(Foto: Theodosia Okoh, Public domain)
(Foto: User:Nightstallion, CC0)
(Foto: Public domain)
(Foto: Public domain)
(Foto: Éire, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Matthías Þórðarson Vector: Árni Dagur and Magasjukur2, Public domain)
(Foto: Fry1989 eh?, CC0)
- Isola di Ascensione
(Foto: HowFalcons, Public domain)
(Foto: Patricia Fidi, Public domain)
Sant'Elena, Ascensione e Tristan da Cunha)
- Tristan da Cunha
(Foto: Public domain)
(Foto: Patricia Fidi, Public domain)
Sant'Elena, Ascensione e Tristan da Cunha)
(Foto: It was made by User:IceKarma (Jeffrey Connell), who released it to the public do, Public domain)
(Foto: Public domain)
(Foto: Government of Liberia, Public domain)
(Foto: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Denelson83 , Zscout370, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro (1910; generic design) Vector: Vítor Luís, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Acts of Union 1800 Vector: Yaddah, Public domain)
- Sant'Elena
(Foto: Patricia Fidi, Public domain)
Sant'Elena (
(Foto: Patricia Fidi, Public domain)
Sant'Elena, Ascensione e Tristan da Cunha)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Original upload by Nightstallion, Public domain)
(Foto: Zscout370, Public domain)
(Foto: RelShot 263 , Echando una mano ; earlier version was Pedro A. Gracia Fajardo, es, Public domain)
Spagna*
Isole Canarie
(Foto: Sangjinhwa, Public domain)
UTC-1
(Foto: Original: Pedro Gregório Vector: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: Jeffrey Connell ( IceKarma ), Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro (1910; generic design) Vector: Vítor Luís, Public domain)
Portogallo
Azzorre
(Foto: Tonyjeff, Public domain)
UTC-2
(Foto: CC0)
Georgia del Sud e Isole Sandwich Australi
(Foto: Raimundo Teixeira Mendes, Public domain)
Brasile
Fernando de Noronha
(Foto: Ten. Cel. Av. Jorge Longuinho. Vectorized by User:Feitidede, Public domain)
UTC-3
17:24, Buenos Aires , Argentina (Foto: Roberto Fiadone, CC BY-SA 3.0)
(Foto: Manuel Belgrano, Public domain)
(Foto: Government of Bahamas, Public domain)
(Foto: Raimundo Teixeira Mendes, Public domain)
Brasile
Alagoas
(Foto: Giro720, Public domain)
- Amapá
(Foto: E2m, Public domain)
- Bahia
(Foto: Diocleciano Ramos, Public domain)
- Ceará
(Foto: Srfortes, Public domain)
- Distretto Federale
(Foto: Governo do Distrito Federal; [
Decreto 1090 de 25/08/1969 Sem Revogação Expressa, Public domain)
- Espírito Santo
(Foto: SVG implementation by E2m, Public domain)
- Goiás
(Foto: Public domain)
- Maranhão
- Minas Gerais
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
- Pará
(Foto: Public domain)
Pará (orientale)
- Paraíba
(Foto: SVG implementation by E2m, Public domain)
- Paraná
(Foto: FXXX, Public domain)
- Pernambuco
(Foto: Original: Revolução Pernambucana Vector: SpinnerLaserzthe2nd , E2m , Pedro Alb, Public domain)
- Piauí
(Foto: E2m , Giro720, Public domain)
- Rio de Janeiro
(Foto: FORTES, Public domain)
- Rio Grande do Norte
(Foto: Giro720, Public domain)
- Rio Grande do Sul
(Foto: Srfortes, Public domain)
- Santa Catarina
(Foto: OAlexander ( talk ) (colours from Manual de Identidade Visual do Governo do Esta, Public domain)
- San Paolo
(Foto: Felipe Micaroni Lalli , Giro720, Public domain)
- Sergipe
(Foto: E2m, Public domain)
- Tocantins
(Foto: Own work, Public domain)
(Foto: Jeffrey Connell ( IceKarma ), Public domain)
- Guyana francese
(Foto: Madden, Public domain)
- Saint-Pierre e Miquelon
(Foto: André Paturel, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
UTC-3:30 (NST - Newfoundland Standard Time)
(Foto: Created by George F. G. Stanley / E Pluribus Anthony / User:Mzajac, Public domain)
Canada
Terranova
(Foto: Original 2005 upload was created by Robert Crosbie and uploaded by Kooma . Entir, Public domain)
Terranova*
UTC-4 (AST - Atlantic Standard Time)
16:27, Halifax , Canada (Foto: Chris Campbell from Wolfville, Canada, CC BY 2.0)
(Foto: This work created by the United Kingdom Government is in the public domain .
Th, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Sir Reginald Samuel Vector: David Benbennick, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Whitney Smith Vector: Wester, Public domain)
(Foto: User:Denelson83, Public domain)
(Foto: Version 1: Made by Caleb Moore from the Open Clip Art website and uploaded by Ni, Public domain)
(Foto: See file history' below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Raimundo Teixeira Mendes, Public domain)
Brasile
Amazonas
(Foto: This work is in the public domain in Brazil for one of the following reasons:
, Public domain)
- Mato Grosso
(Foto: SVG implementation by E2m, Public domain)
- Mato Grosso do Sul
(Foto: E2m, Public domain)
- Pará
(Foto: Public domain)
Pará (occidentale)
- Rondônia
(Foto: E2m, Public domain)
- Roraima
(Foto: E2m, Public domain)
(Foto: Created by George F. G. Stanley / E Pluribus Anthony / User:Mzajac, Public domain)
Canada
Labrador
(Foto: CC BY-SA 3.0)
Labrador*
- Nuovo Brunswick
(Foto: Dbenbenn (original) E Pluribus Anthony (current), Public domain)
- Nuova Scozia
(Foto: Original: Unknown author Vector: Kooma , FJDEACKB , Zscout370 and Denelson83, Public domain)
- Isola del Principe Edoardo
(Foto: E Pluribus Anthony, Public domain)
(Foto: See file history below for details., Public domain)
Cile*
(Foto: Original: Unknown Vector: David Benbennick, Public domain)
(Foto: Alwin Bully, Public domain)
(Foto: See file history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Jeffrey Connell ( IceKarma ), Public domain)
Groenlandia (estremo nord-ovest)
(Foto: drawing by Pierre Gay, uploader User:Denelson83, Public domain)
(Foto: Whitney Smith, Public domain)
- Paesi Bassi
(Foto: Zscout370, Public domain)
Isole BES
Bonaire
(Foto: Mike Rohsopht, Public domain)
- Saba
(Foto: CC BY-SA 3.0)
- Sint Eustatius
(Foto: User:Andrwsc, CC BY-SA 4.0)
(Foto: Original: Government of the United Kingdom Vector: Nightstallion and Echando u, Public domain)
(Foto: Percival Wilson Sparks . sparksfamilyassn.org . Retrieved on 2026-05-26 ., Public domain)
(Foto: User:MapGrid / User:HapHaxion / User:Femfem5 / User:Triton , based on work by Us, Public domain)
(Foto: Public domain)
(Foto: Republica del Paraguay, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Unknown Vector: Cerejota, Public domain)
(Foto: Juan Pablo Duarte, Public domain)
(Foto: Edrice Lewis, Public domain)
(Foto: Dunstan St Omer, Public domain)
(Foto: User:Shervinafshar , based on work of User:Washiucho . Earlier non-PD versions b, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history , below, for details ., Public domain)
(Foto: Various, see File history below for details., Public domain)
UTC-5 (EST - Eastern Standard Time)
15:20, Independence Hall, Filadelfia , Stati Uniti (Foto: Ronen Perry, CC BY 3.0)
(Foto: Raimundo Teixeira Mendes, Public domain)
Brasile
Acre
(Foto: Public domain Public domain false false
This work has been released , Public domain)
(Foto: Created by George F. G. Stanley / E Pluribus Anthony / User:Mzajac, Public domain)
Canada
Nunavut
(Foto: Kooma (original), Public domain)
Nunavut (orientale)*
- Ontario
(Foto: Kooma, Public domain)
- Québec
(Foto: Original: René Chaloult Vector: Krun, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: Miguel Teurbe Tolón and Narciso López, Public domain)
Cuba*
(Foto: President of the Republic of Ecuador, first uploaded by Denelson83 as Flag of Ec, Public domain)
(Foto: The SVG code is valid . This vector image was created with Inkscape by SKopp , , Public domain)
(Foto: (colours and size changes of the now deleted versions) Madden , Vzb83 , Denelson, Public domain)
(Foto: Zscout370 et al., Public domain)
(Foto: David Benbennick, Public domain)
(Foto: Uploaded by Dbenbenn ; edited by users such as Zscout370 , Jacobolus , Indolence, Public domain)
Stati Uniti d'America
Connecticut
(Foto: Jean-Pierre Demailly, xrmap authors, Commons users (SVG), Public domain)
- Delaware
(Foto: xrmap flag collection, Public domain)
- Distretto di Columbia
(Foto: (of code) cs:User:-xfi-, Public domain)
- Florida
(Foto: Template:Brendon Tiana, Public domain)
- Georgia (Stati Uniti d'America)
(Foto: Public domain)
- Indiana
(Foto: The Indiana state flag was designed by Paul Hadley in 1917. This SVG file was ma, Public domain)
Indiana (gran parte dello stato)
- Kentucky
(Foto: Commonwealth of Kentucky, Public domain)
Kentucky (orientale e centrale)*
- Maine
(Foto: Public domain)
- Maryland
(Foto: Michael Wheeler, Public domain)
- Massachusetts
(Foto: State of Massachusetts, Public domain)
- Michigan
(Foto: Public domain)
- New Hampshire
(Foto: Xrmap flag collection, Public domain)
- New Jersey
(Foto: author of xrmap, with modifications by Denelson83 and ChrisRuvolo, Public domain)
- New York
(Foto: State of New York, Public domain)
- Carolina del Nord
(Foto: Public domain)
- Ohio
(Foto: John Eisenmann, Public domain)
Ohio*
- Pennsylvania
(Foto: Simtropolitan , Jean-Pierre Demailly (old version)
permission=
Insignia
, Public domain)
- Rhode Island
(Foto: Xrmap flag collection 2.7, Public domain)
- Carolina del Sud
(Foto: Design by South Carolina General Assembly , SVG by Steve Hall, Public domain)
- Tennessee
(Foto: -xfi-, Public domain)
Tennessee (orientale)*
- Vermont
(Foto: User:Simtropolitan Original by User:Denelson83, Public domain)
- Virginia
(Foto: LadyofHats with additional editing by 痛 and Patrickneil / Charles Keck, Public domain)
- Virginia Occidentale
(Foto: Militaryace , Denelson83, Public domain)
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
UTC-6 (CST - Central Standard Time)
11:38, Città del Messico (Foto: Tempusflow, CC BY-SA 4.0)
(Foto: Caleb Moore, Public domain)
(Foto: Created by George F. G. Stanley / E Pluribus Anthony / User:Mzajac, Public domain)
Canada
Manitoba
(Foto: Kooma (original) Echando una mano (current), Public domain)
- Nunavut
(Foto: Kooma (original), Public domain)
Nunavut
Isola Southampton
- zona centrale*
- Ontario
(Foto: Kooma, Public domain)
Ontario (occidentale)*
- Saskatchewan
(Foto: Kooma, Public domain)
(Foto: See file history below for details., Public domain)
Cile
Isola di Pasqua
(Foto: Mario E. Fuente Cid, Done on Inkscape Free Software, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: President of the Republic of Ecuador, first uploaded by Denelson83 as Flag of Ec, Public domain)
Ecuador
Galápagos
(Foto: Zscout370 at English Wikipedia, Public domain)
(Foto: See File history below for details., Public domain)
(Foto: K21edgo, Public domain)
(Foto: Kes47, Public domain)
(Foto: Omar Alejandro Covarrubias Neri , 9 April 2006. Based on the 1968 arms by Franci, Public domain)
Messico* (tutti gli stati non menzionati, più il Distrito Federal)
(Foto: C records, Public domain)
(Foto: Uploaded by Dbenbenn ; edited by users such as Zscout370 , Jacobolus , Indolence, Public domain)
Stati Uniti d'America
Alabama
(Foto: Steve Hall, Public domain)
- Arkansas
(Foto: Public domain)
- Illinois
(Foto: Denelson83, Public domain)
- Indiana
(Foto: The Indiana state flag was designed by Paul Hadley in 1917. This SVG file was ma, Public domain)
- Iowa
(Foto: Public domain)
Iowa*
- Kansas
(Foto: Xrmap, Public domain)
- Kentucky
(Foto: Commonwealth of Kentucky, Public domain)
Kentucky (occidentale)*
- Louisiana
(Foto: Curtis Vann, Jr., Public domain)
- Minnesota
(Foto: Original: Minnesota State Emblems Redesign Commission Vector: Jamie Eilat , Un, Public domain)
- Mississippi Mississippi*
- Missouri
(Foto: Marie Watkins Oliver, Public domain)
- Nebraska
(Foto: Liamgabby79, Public domain)
Nebraska (orientale)*
- Dakota del Nord
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
- Oklahoma
(Foto: xrmap, Public domain)
- Dakota del Sud
(Foto: xrmap, Public domain)
Dakota del Sud (orientale)*
- Tennessee
(Foto: -xfi-, Public domain)
Tennessee (centrale e occidentale)*
- Texas
(Foto: Paul B. Joiner, Public domain)
- Wisconsin
(Foto: Public domain)
UTC-7 (MST - Mountain Standard Time)
(Foto: Created by George F. G. Stanley / E Pluribus Anthony / User:Mzajac, Public domain)
Canada
Alberta
(Foto: Kooma (original), Public domain)
- Territori del Nord-Ovest
(Foto: The original uploader was Kooma at Wikimedia Commons . Updated image created and, Public domain)
- Nunavut
(Foto: Kooma (original), Public domain)
Nunavut (montagne)*
(Foto: Omar Alejandro Covarrubias Neri , 9 April 2006. Based on the 1968 arms by Franci, Public domain)
Messico
Bassa California del Sud
(Foto: Gobierno de Baja California Sur, Public domain)
- Chihuahua
(Foto: Heraldry, Public domain)
- Nayarit
(Foto: Heraldry, Public domain)
- Sinaloa
(Foto: Heraldry, Public domain)
- Sonora
(Foto: Heraldry, Public domain)
(Foto: Uploaded by Dbenbenn ; edited by users such as Zscout370 , Jacobolus , Indolence, Public domain)
Stati Uniti d'America
Arizona
(Foto: Original: Unknown author Vector: Madden, Public domain)
Arizona (La nazione Navajo osserva il DST)
- Colorado
(Foto: Original: Andrew Carlyle Carson Vector: Fleminra, Public domain)
- Idaho
(Foto: Paul B. Evans, based on a work by the Adjutant General of Idaho and Emma Edwards, Public domain)
Idaho (meridionale)*
- Montana
(Foto: N.a, Public domain)
- Nebraska
(Foto: Liamgabby79, Public domain)
Nebraska (occidentale)*
- Nuovo Messico
(Foto: Public domain)
- Dakota del Nord
(Foto: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain)
Dakota del Nord (occidentale)*
- Oregon
(Foto: User:Denelson83, Public domain)
Oregon (Contea Malheur)*
- Dakota del Sud
(Foto: xrmap, Public domain)
Dakota del Sud (occidentale)*
- Utah
(Foto: The State of Utah, Public domain)
Utah*
- Wyoming
(Foto: User:Dbenbenn, Public domain)
UTC-8 (PST - Pacific Standard Time)
23:36, San Diego , California , Stati Uniti (Foto: Nehrams2020, CC BY-SA 3.0)
(Foto: Created by George F. G. Stanley / E Pluribus Anthony / User:Mzajac, Public domain)
Canada
Columbia Britannica
(Foto: Kooma (original) Sshu94 (current), Public domain)
- Yukon
(Foto: Kooma (original), Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Unknown Vector: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: Omar Alejandro Covarrubias Neri , 9 April 2006. Based on the 1968 arms by Franci, Public domain)
Messico
Bassa California
(Foto: Heraldry, Public domain)
(Foto: User:Dbenbenn, Public domain)
(Foto: Uploaded by Dbenbenn ; edited by users such as Zscout370 , Jacobolus , Indolence, Public domain)
Stati Uniti d'America
California
(Foto: Original: Donald Graeme Kelley
Vectorization: Devin Cook, Public domain)
- Idaho
(Foto: Paul B. Evans, based on a work by the Adjutant General of Idaho and Emma Edwards, Public domain)
Idaho (settentrionale)*
- Nevada
(Foto: Caleb Moore, Public domain)
- Oregon
(Foto: User:Denelson83, Public domain)
Oregon (esclusa la Contea Malheur)*
- Washington
(Foto: WA Secretary of State, Public domain)
UTC-9 (AKST - Alaska Standard Time)
(Foto: Nightstallion, CC0)
Polinesia francese
Isole Gambier
(Foto: No machine-readable author provided. Bredt~commonswiki assumed (based on copyrig, Public domain)
(Foto: Uploaded by Dbenbenn ; edited by users such as Zscout370 , Jacobolus , Indolence, Public domain)
Stati Uniti d'America
Alaska
(Foto: Benny Benson, Public domain)
UTC-9:30
(Foto: Nightstallion, CC0)
Polinesia francese
Isole Marchesi
(Foto: Background: Association MOTU HAKA
Tiki's head: Association PATUTIKI
Vectoriz, Public domain)
UTC-10 (HST - Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time)
15:03, Honolulu , Hawaii , Stati Uniti (Foto: Gillfoto, CC BY-SA 3.0)
(Foto: Nightstallion, CC0)
(Foto: Guilherme Paula, Public domain)
Isole della Società inclusa Tahiti
- Isole Tuamotu
(Foto: Bredt~commonswiki (SVG), Public domain)
- Isole Tubuai
(Foto: Uploaded by Dbenbenn ; edited by users such as Zscout370 , Jacobolus , Indolence, Public domain)
Stati Uniti d'America
Hawaii
(Foto: Dbenbenn, Public domain)
- Isole Aleutine dell'Alaska*
UTC-11 (BEST - Bering Standard Time)
(Foto: Uploaded by Dbenbenn ; edited by users such as Zscout370 , Jacobolus , Indolence, Public domain)
Isole minori esterne degli Stati Uniti
Atollo di Midway
- Atollo di Palmyra
- Isola Jarvis
- Kingman Reef
(Foto: SKopp, Public domain)
(Foto: Original: Malietoa Tanumafili II and Tupua Tamasese Meaʻole Vector: See the fi, Public domain)
(Foto: by Tobias Jakobs, Public domain)
UTC-12
(Foto: Uploaded by Dbenbenn ; edited by users such as Zscout370 , Jacobolus , Indolence, Public domain)
Isole minori esterne degli Stati Uniti
Isola Baker
- Isola Howland della California
Altri progetti
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