Chickenpox (varicella) used to be very common in the United States. Since the U.S. vaccination program began in 1995, it has become rare, a change CDC calls a public health success story.
Before the vaccine
In the early 1990s, chickenpox caused more than the following every year:
| Each year, early 1990s | |
|---|---|
| Cases | 4 million |
| Hospitalizations | 10,500 to 13,500 |
| Deaths | 100 to 150 |
Most cases and hospitalizations, and half the deaths, were among children.
After the vaccine
The United States was the first country to make chickenpox vaccine part of the routine childhood immunization schedule. Since the program started in 1995, chickenpox cases have fallen by more than 97%. Each year now there are fewer than:
| Each year now | |
|---|---|
| Cases | 150,000 |
| Hospitalizations | 1,400 |
| Deaths | 30 |
The program has reduced the spread of chickenpox as well as the hospitalizations and deaths it causes.
It saves money, too
Chickenpox vaccination is effective and cost-saving. In its first 25 years, the program prevented an estimated 91 million cases and saved $23.4 billion in health care costs. CDC and its collaborators summarized those 25 years in 14 papers in a special supplement of the Journal of Infectious Diseases.
Sources
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Impact of U.S. Chickenpox Vaccination Program." https://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/vaccination-impact/index.html
- Journal of Infectious Diseases 226, Supplement 4: https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/226/Supplement_4; CDC, "Chickenpox Vaccination: What Everyone Should Know": https://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/vaccines/index.html; ACIP recommendations: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5604a1.htm
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