The brain, the spinal cord and the nerves make up the nervous system, which together controls everything the body does. When part of it goes wrong, a person can have trouble moving, speaking, swallowing, breathing or learning, or problems with memory, the senses or mood.
There are more than 600 neurologic diseases. The main kinds are:
- inherited, caused by faulty genes: Huntington's disease, muscular dystrophy;
- developmental, problems in how the nervous system forms: spina bifida;
- degenerative, in which nerve cells are damaged or die: Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease;
- diseases of the blood vessels that supply the brain: stroke;
- injuries to the spinal cord and the brain;
- seizure disorders: epilepsy;
- cancer: brain tumours;
- infections: meningitis.
Sources
- MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine, "Neurologic Diseases." https://medlineplus.gov/neurologicdiseases.html
- Rewritten in hubnx's own words.
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