GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAR 766-D By J. H. Minsch, C. W. Stover, W. J. Person, R. B. Simon, and B. G. Reagor
Geological Survey
Introduction...................................................................«D1 Discussion of tables............................................................ 1 Modified Hercalli Intensity Scale of 1931....................................... 5 Acknowledgments................................................................. 31 References cited................................................................ 31
FIGURE 1. "Earthquake Report" form.............................................. D2
ILLUSTRATIONS
- Map showing standard time zones of the conterminous United States..... 4
- Map showing standard time zones of Alaska and Hawaii.................. 5
- Map of the earthquake epicenters in the conterminous United States for October-December 1976................................................. 6
- Map of earthquake epicenters in Alaska for October-December 1976....» 7
- Map of earthquake epicenters in Hawaii for October-December 1976...... 9
- Map summarizing the earthquake epicenters in the conterminous United States for January-December 1976...................................... 15
- Map summarizing the earthquake epicenters in Alaska for January-December 1976......................................................... 16
- Map summarizing the earthquake epicenters in Hawaii for January-December 1976......................................................... 17
- Intensity map for the southern California earthquake of 17 October 1976................................................:................. 19
- Isoseismal map for the southern California earthquake of 4 November 1976.................................................................. 21
- Intensity map for the southern California earthquake of 22 November 1976.................................................................. 21
- Isoseismal map for the northern California earthquake of 26 November 1976.................................................................. 23
- Isoseismal map for the Quebec, Canada, earthquake of 23 October 1976...29
INTRODUCTION
The earthquake information in this publication supplements that published in the NEIS (National Earthquake Information Service) publications, PDE ("Preliminary Determination of Epicenters") and "Preliminary Determination of Epicenters, Monthly Listing," to the extent of providing detailed felt and intensity data, as well as isoseismal maps for U.S. earthquakes. The purpose is to provide a complete listing of macroseismic effects of earthquakes, which can be used in risk studies, nuclear power plant site evaluations, seismicity studies, and answering inquiries by the public.
This publication contains two major sections. The first (table 1) is a tabular listing of earthquakes in chronological order by State, consisting of the following basic information: date, origin time, hypocenter, magnitude, maximum intensity, and computational source of the hypocenter. The second section consists of five maps and table 2, which lists detailed intensity information. The list of earthquakes in table 1 was compiled from those located in the United States or off the coasts that were published in the PDE; from hypocenters in California above magnitude 3.0, supplied by California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, the University of California, Berkeley, and other offices of the U.S. Geological Survey; from hypocenters in Hawaii supplied by the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory; and from any others that were felt or that caused damage, regardless of magnitude or availability of a hypocenter. Known or suspected explosions are also listed.
The intensities and macroseismic data were compiled from information obtained through questionnaires, from newspaper articles, and with the cooperation of other government agencies, State institutions, local organizations, and individuals. (See "Acknowledgments" for a list of collaborators.) The questionnaire (fig. 1A, B) is the latest revision of this form; it was not in use for earthquake-intensity evaluations for the years 1975-76. An interim version of the form and an earlier version that had been in use since the 1930's were the basis for intensity evaluations
Dl throughout 1976. Anyone wishing to submit felt or damage information on earthquakes for inclusion in future reports should send it to the National Earthquake Information Service, Stop 967, Box 25046, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225. Copies of the current "Earthquake Report" questionnaire can be obtained at this address.
collect macroseismic information is a questionnaire canvass using the "Earthquake Report" forms, which are mailed to postmasters in the area affected by the earthquake. The postmasters complete the forms and return them to the NEIS, where they are evaluated and an intensity value is assigned. The intensity observations are mapped and contoured by isoseismals. Isoseismal contours present a generalization of intensity data and an extrapolation of these data to regions from which there are no observations; they do not necessarily account for every individual observation.
"Earthquake Description" section of "United States Earthquakes," an annual publication, to which later data from other sources may be added for the purpose of updating and completeness. "United States Earthquakes" is published jointly by the U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, and the Environmental Data Service, NOAA, Department of Commerce.
and table 2 include the date, origin time, hypocenter (epicenter and focal depth), magnitude, intensity, and hypocenter source. The origin time and date are listed in Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) and local standard time based on the time-zone maps in figures 2 and 3. The epicenters, which were taken from those published in the PDE, or from other sources as noted, are listed here to two decimals. The accuracy of the epicenters is that claimed by the institution supplying the hypocenter and is not necessarily the accuracy indicated by the number of decimals listed. The epicenters located by the NEIS have a The primary method used by the NEIS to
The data in table 2 will be included in the
DISCUSSION OF TABLES
The parameters for the earthquakes in table 1
D2 D3
varying degree of accuracy, usually two-tenths of a degree or less, depending on their continental or oceanic location. The oceanic hypocenters are less accurate than those on the continent, even though both are listed to two decimals. Depths are listed to the nearest whole kilometer.
Figures 4-6 are maps summarizing the earthquake activity for the conterminous United States, Alaska, and Hawaii for the period October-December 1976. The annual summaries are shown in figures 7-9. The magnitudes plotted in these figures are based on ML or mbLg; if neither was computed, then on MS; and finally on mb, when it was the only magnitude computed.
The magnitude values listed in tables 1 and 2 were furnished by cooperating institutions or determined by the NEIS. The computational sources are labeled according to the assigned letter codes shown in headnotes to tables 1 and 2; the letter follows the value listed under the column heading "Magnitude." In table 1 the absence of a letter code indicates that the NEIS is the source. In table 2 the magnitude source is the same as the location source unless indicated otherwise, by an alphabetic character to the right of the magnitude value. The magnitude values calculated by the NEIS are based on the following formulas:
MS 661ogD+3. 3, (D
D4 as adopted by the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI; Bath, 1966, p. 153), where A is the maximum horizontal surface-wave ground amplitude, in micrometers; T is the period, in seconds, and 18<TX22; and D is the distance, in geocentric degrees (station to epicenter), and 20°_<D<1600 . No depth correction is made for depths less than 50 km.
mb=log(A/T)+Q(D,h), (2)
as defined by Gutenberg and Richter (1956), except that T, the period in seconds, is restricted to O.lXTjO.O, and A, the ground amplitude in micrometers, is not necessarily the maximum of the P-wave group. Q is a function of distance D and depth h, where Dj>5°.
ML=logA-logA0 , (3)
as defined by Richter (1958, p. 340), where A is the maximum trace amplitude in millimeters, written by a Wood-Anderson torsion seismometer, and log A 0 is a standard value as a function of distance, where the distance is ^600 km. ML values are also calculated from other seismometers
180C 165° 150C
by conversion of recorded ground motion to the expected response of the torsion seismometer.
mbLg=3.75+0.90(logD)+log(A/T) (4) 0.5°_<D<40 ,
as proposed by Nuttli (1973), where A/T is expressed in micrometers per second, calculated from the vertical-component 1-second Lg waves, and D is the distance in geocentric degrees.
All of the intensity values (indicated by Roman numerals) listed in this summary were derived, using the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale of 1931 (Wood and Neumann, 1931) shown below, from the evaluation of "Earthquake Report" forms; from field reports by U.S. Geological Survey personnel, engineering firms, or universities; and from detailed macroseismic data communicated to the NEIS by people in the area affected by the earthquake. All earthquake reports received which contain minimal information are assigned an Intensity II. These reports are filed in the offices of the NEIS or in
D5
government archives and are detailed study.
Adapted from Sieberg's Mercalli-Cancani scale,
I. Not felt - or, except rarely under
II. Felt indoors by few, especially on upper
MODIFIED MERCALLI INTENSITY SCALE OF 1931
modified and condensed.
especially favorable circumstances. Under certain conditions, at and outside the boundary of the area in which a great shock is felt: sometimes birds, animals, reported uneasy or disturbed; sometimes dizziness or nausea experienced; sometimes trees, structures, liquids, bodies of water, may sway doors may swing, very slowly.
floors, or by sensitive, or nervous persons. Also, as in grade I, but often more noticeably: sometimes hanging objects may swing, especially when delicately suspended; sometimes trees, structures, liquids, bodies of water, may sway, doors VII, may swing, very slowly; sometimes birds, animals, reported uneasy or disturbed; sometimes dizziness or nausea experienced.
III. Felt indoors by several, motion usually rapid vibration. Sometimes not recognized to be an earthquake at first. Duration estimated in some cases. Vibration like that due to passing of light, or lightly loaded trucks, or heavy trucks some distance away. Hanging objects may swing slightly. Movements may be appreciable on upper levels of tall structures. Rocked standing motor cars slightly.
IV. Felt indoors by many, outdoors by few. Awakened few, especially light sleepers. Frightened no one, unless apprehensive from previous experience. Vibration like that due to passing of heavy or heavily loaded trucks. Sensation like heavy body striking building or falling of heavy objects inside. Rattling of dishes, windows, doors; glassware and crockery clink and clash. Creaking of walls, frame, especially in the upper range of this grade. Hanging objects swung, in numerous instances. Disturbed liquids in open vessels slightly. Rocked standing motor VIII. cars noticeably.
V. Felt indoors by practically all, outdoors by many or most: outdoors direction estimated. Awakened many, or most. Frightened few slight excitement, a few ran outdoors. Buildings trembled throughout. Broke dishes, glassware, to some extent. Cracked windows in some cases, but not generally. Overturned vases, small or unstable objects, in many instances, with occasional fall. Hanging objects, doors, swing generally or considerably. Knocked pictures against walls, or swung them out of place. Opened, or closed, doors, shutters, abruptly. Pendulum clocks stopped, started or ran fast, or slow. Moved small objects, furnishings, the latter to slight extent. Spilled liquids in small amounts from well-filled open containers. Trees, bushes, shaken slightly. IX.
VI. Felt by all» indoors and outdoors. Frightened many, excitement general, some alarm, many ran outdoors. Awakened all. Persons made to move unsteadily. Trees, bushes, shaken slightly to moderately. Liquid set in strong motion. Small bells rang church, chapel, school, etc. Damage slight in poorly built buildings. Fall of plaster in small amount. Cracked plaster somewhat, especially fine cracks chimneys in some instances. Broke dishes, X. glassware, in considerable quantity, also some windows. Fall of knick-knacks, books, pictures. Overturned furniture in many instances. Moved furnishings of moderately heavy kind.
D8 Frightened all general alarm, all ran outdoors. Some, or many, found it difficult to stand. Noticed by persons driving motor cars. Trees and bushes shaken moderately to strongly. Waves on ponds, lakes, and running water. Water turbid from mud stirred up. Incaving to some extent of sand or gravel stream banks. Rang large church bells, etc. Suspended objects made to quiver. Damage negligible in buildings of good design and construction, slight to moderate in well-built ordinary buildings, considerable in poorly built or badly designed buildings, adobe houses, old walls (especially where laid up without mortar), spires, etc. Cracked chimneys to considerable extent, walls to some extent. Fall of plaster in considerable to large amount, also some stucco. Broke numerous windows, furniture to some extent. Shook down loosened brickwork and tiles. Broke weak chimneys at the roof-line (sometimes damaging roofs). Fall of cornices from towers and high buildings. Dislodged bricks and stones. Overturned heavy furniture, with damage from breaking. Damage considerable to concrete irrigation ditches. Fright general alarm approaches panic. Disturbed persons driving motor cars. Trees shaken strongly branches, trunks, broken off, especially palm trees. Ejected sand and mud in small amounts. Changes: temporary, permanent; in flow of springs and wells; dry wells renewed flow; in temperature of spring and well waters. Damage slight in structures (brick) built especially to withstand earthquakes. Considerable in ordinary substantial buildings, partial collapse: racked, tumbled down, wooden houses in some cases; threw out panel walls in frame structures, broke off decayed piling. Fall of walls. Cracked, broke, solid stone walls seriously. Wet ground to some extent, also ground on steep slopes. Twisting, fall, of chimneys, columns, monuments, also factory stacks, towers. Moved conspicuously, overturned, very heavy furniture. Panic general. Cracked ground conspicuously. Damage considerable in (masonry) structures built especially to withstand earthquakes: Threw out of plumb some wood-frame houses built especially to withstand earthquakes; great in substantial (masonry) buildings, some collapse in large part; or wholly shifted frame buildings off foundations, racked frames; serious to reservoirs; underground pipes sometimes broken.
Cracked ground, especially when loose and wet, up to widths of several inches; fissures up to a yard in width ran parallel to canal and stream banks. Landslides considerable from river banks and steep coasts. Shifted sand and mud horizontally on beaches and flat land. Changed level of water in wells. Threw water on banks of canals, lakes, rivers, etc. Damage serious to dams, dikes, embankments. Severe to well-built wooden structures and bridges, some destroyed. Developed dangerous cracks in excellent brick walls. Destroyed most masonry and frame structures, also their foundations. Bent railroad rails slightly. Tore apart, or crushed endwise, pipe lines buried in earth. Open cracks and broad wavy folds in cement pavements and asphalt road surfaces.
XI. Disturbances in ground many and widespread, varying with ground material. Broad fissures, earth slumps, and land slips in soft, wet ground. Ejected water in large
n^~sKAUAI
amounts charged with sand and mud. Caused sea-waves ("tidal" waves) of significant magnitude. Damage severe to wood-frame structures, especially near shock centers. Great to dams, dikes, embankments often for long distances. Few, if any (masonry) structures remained standing. Destroyed large well-built bridges by the wrecking of supporting piers, or pillars. Affected yielding wooden bridges less. Bent railroad rails greatly, and thrust them endwise. Put pipe lines buried in earth completely out of service.
XII. Damage total practically all works of construction damaged greatly or destroyed. Disturbances in ground great and varied, numerous shearing cracks. Landslides, falls of rock of significant character,
D9
slumping of river banks, etc., numerous and extensive. Wrenched loose, tore off, large rock masses. Fault slips in firm rock, with notable horizontal and vertical offset displacements. Water channels, surface and underground, disturbed and modified greatly. Dammed lakes, produced waterfalls, deflected rivers, etc. Waves seen on ground surfaces (actually seen, probably, in some cases) Distorted lines of sight and level. Threw objects upward into the air.
\OAHU
moN
Table I. Summary of U.S. earthquakes for October-December 7976 -Continued
D10 ... ... ... ... in ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...IV
D14
o ^
18 October (G) Central Alaska Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV;
Intensity II; Anchorage, Palmer.
24 October (G) Central Alaska Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III; South-central Alaska.
30 November (G) Southern Alaska Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV; Intensity III; Anchorage, Homer
Alaska
00 36 31.6 63.29 N., 150.74 W. 126 km 4.9 mb Cantwell, Colorado.
17 19 53.7 62.65 N., 149.14 W. 75 km 4.9 mb
06 22 35.3 59.92 N., 153.36 W. 127 km 4.7 mb Kenai-Anchor Point area,
15 December (G) Southern Alaska Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III; Anchorage, Peters Creek.
15 December (G) Central Alaska Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV;
7 December (P) Baja California Origin time: 12 59 56.3 Epicenter: 31.98 N., 114.78 W. Depth: 8 km Magnitude: 5.5 mb(G), 5.7 MS(G), 5.2 ML Intensity VI;
Arizona San Luis, Wellton (broken
California El Centre (cracked plaster).
Intensity V;
Arizona Gadsden, Martinez Lake, Roll,
California Bard, Borrego Springs,
Intensity IV;
California Brawley, Glamis, Julian,
Intensity III;
California San Diego (press report).
6 October (B) Central California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
9 October (P) Southern California Origin time: 02 09 28.1 Epicenter: 33.33 N., 116.23 W. Depth: 16 km Magnitude: 3.9 ML Intensity III; Cuyamaca, North San Diego County.
Alaska Cont inued
windows press report), Yuma (broken windows telephone report; broken waterline at Del Oro Mobile Estates press report).
Somerton.
Boulevard, Campo, Jacumba, Mount Laguna, Ocotillo,' Winterhaven.
Lamesa, Santa Ysabel.
09 51 32.3 61.35 N., 150.25 W. 51 km 3.7 mb
13 35 53.8 64.83 N., 147.87 W. 31 km 3.0 ML(M) Fairbanks.
20 54 19.9 37.63 N., 121.42 W. 2 km 3.0 ML Stockton, Tracy.
15 October (B) Northern California Origin time: 01 35 31.8 Epicenter: 38.01 N., 122.05 W. Depth: 19 km Magnitude: 3.4 ML Intensity III; Concord, Orinda, Walnut
15 October (P) Southern California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
17 October (P) Southern California Origin time: 05 38 11.9 Epicenter: 34.45 N., 118.37 W. Depth: 15 km Magnitude: 4.3 mb(G), 3.9 ML, 4.1 ML(B)
This earthquake was felt over an area of
Intensity VI: Newhall (broken water
Intensity V; Altadena, Arcadia, Burbank,
Intensity IV; Agoura, Hughes Lake,
Intensity III; El Monte, Sierra Madre,
Intensity II; Gardena, Keene, Pacoima,
22 October (P) Southern California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
23 October (B) Central California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
24 October (B) Central California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
October-December 1976 Continued
California Continued California Continued
Creek.
8,000 sq km (fig. 10).
main press report), Tarzana (cracked plaster, masonry), Van Nuys (slight damage).
Glendale, Granada Hills, Hermosa Beach, La Canada, Los Angeles, Magnolila Park, North Hollywood, Pasadena, San Fernando, Saugus, Sherman Oaks, West Adams.
Lancaster, Lebec, Lynwood, Montrose, Panorama City, Redondo Beach, Rosamond, San Gabriel, Sepulveda, Simi Valley, Studio City, Sun Valley, Sunset Beach, Tujunga, York.
Sunland, Temple City.
Reseda, Valyermo.
26 October (B) Northern Californa
04 01 00.5 33.90 N., 116.62 W. 8 km 2.9 ML Palm Springs
23 19 13.6 33.48 N., 116.58 W. 15 km 4.5 mb(G), 3.6 ML Palm Springs (press report)
19 24 33.2 36.89 N., 121.49 W. 11 km 3.5 ML Gilroy, Hollister.
02 19 52.7 36.84 N., 121.63 W. 2 km 3.8 ML Gilroy, Hollister.
D18 2 November (P) Southern California
4 November (F) Southern California
4 November (F) Southern California
4 November (F) Southern California
4 November (F) Southern California
October December 1976 Continued
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV:
(Buildings creaked in all three towns.)
Origin time: 02 46 05.9 Epicenter: 34.10 N., 117.30 W. Depth: 6 km Magnitude: 3.3 ML
A canvass of students conducted at the University of Redlands, Calif., was evaluated by the USGS and the results are listed below.
Intensity V; Loma Linda (frightened many in Loma Linda Hospital), Redlands (frightened students in dormitory of University of Redlands), San Bernardino (picture fell from wall in southernmost part of city). Intensity IV; Highland, Rialto, Yucalpa. Intensity III; Norton Air Force Base (telephone report).
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude:
Thirty earthquakes between magnitude 2 and 4 were reported between 8 p.m. and 11:30 p.m. PST (press report). One hundred earthquakes were recorded at California Institute of Technology in a 24-hour 23 23 44.8 40.30 N., 124.27 W. 15 km 3.4 ML Fortuna, Rio Dell, Scotia.
05 48 20.9 33.12 N., 115.60 W. 5 km 4.2 ML(P) Imperial Valley.
06 35 03.5 33.12 N., 115.59 W. 5 km 4.1 ML(P) Imperial Valley.
07 56 06.8 33.12 N., 115.61 W. 1 km 3.9 ML(P) Imperial Valley.
10 41 37.5 33.12 N., 115.59 W. 4 km 4.6 mb(G), 5.3 MS(G), 4.9 ML(P), 5.5 ML(B)
California continued California continued
period (press report). Burglar alarms were triggered in several Imperial Valley communities (press report). The main shock was felt over an area of approximately 25,000 sq km (fig. 11) of southern California. No intensity data are available from Mexico. Intensity V; Intensity VI;
California Brawley (bottles and jars falling from market shelves caused approximately $200 damage press
October December 1976 Continued.
report), El Centre (fences displaced slightly, furniture moved, plaster and ceiling tiles cracked, many awakened and frightened), Westmorland (large appliances displaced, ground cracked, plaster cracked, electric service interrupted in zip code area).
Arizona San Luis, Yuma (press report). California Anza, Bard, Blythe, Boulevard, Cabazon, Calexico, Chiriaco Summit, Guatay, Heber, Imperial,
Intensity IV;
Intensity III:
Intensity II:
4 November (F) Southern California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
4 November (F) Southern California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
4 November (F) Southern California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
4 November (F) Southern California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth : Magnitude: Intensity II;
5 November (B) Central California Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
11 November Northern California Origin time: 02 32 Epicenter: Not located. Depth: None computed. Magn i t ud e: None c omput e d. Intensity V; Willets.
15 November (P) Southern California Origin time: 12 08 04.0 Epicenter: 33.93 N., 118.25 W. Depth: 8 km Magnitude: 2.9 ML Intensity III; Culver City, Gardena,
October December 1976 Continued
Julian, Lost Lake, Mt. Laguna, Niland, Ocotillo, Palo Verde, Pine Valley, Plaster City, Ripley, Seeley, Thermal, Winterhaven.
California Campo, Cuyamaca, Indio, San Diego.
California Bonita (press report), Chula Vista (press report), Palm Desert, Valley Center.
California Bryn Mawr, Potrero, Rancho Mirage, San Bernardino.
Inglewood. 11 39 08.3 33.10 N., 115.62 W. 1 km 4.1 ML(P) Imperial Valley.
11 49 40.4 33.11 N., 115.62 W. 2 km 3.8 mb(G), 4.1 ML(P) Imperial Valley.
13 31 27.7 33.10 N., 115.62 W. 4 km 4.2 ML(P) Imperial Valley.
14 12 50.2 33.12 N., 115.60 W. 5 km 4.2 mb(G), 4.4 ML(P) Imperial Valley.
19 43 11.0 35.80 N., 121.30 W. 2 km 3.4 ML San Simeon.
D20
22 November (P) Southern California
22 November (P) Southern California
27 November (F) Southern California
30 November (P) Southern California
5 December (P) Central California October-December 19 76 Continued
Origin time: 17 55 10.8 Epicenter: 33.95 N., 118.62 W. Depth: 2 km Magnitude: 3.8 ML
This earthquake was felt over an area of approximately 4,000 sq km (fig. 12) along the coast of California west of Los Angeles.
Intensity VI; Long Beach (slight damage, some people frightened), Los Angeles (plaster cracked), North Hollywood (plaster cracked and windows broken). Intensity V; El Segundo, Fillmore, Hawthorne, Hermosa Beach, Inglewood, Lynwood, Playa del Key, Redondo Beach, Santa Monica, Sepulveda, Sherman Oaks, Topanga, Torrance, Venice, West Los Angeles, Woodland Hills. Intensity IV; Burbank, Canoga Park, Chatsworth, Culver City, Downey, Encino, Gardena (press report), Granada Hills, Huntington Park, Lakewood, Mission Hills, Montebello (press report), Mount Baldy, Northridge, Norwalk, Pacific, Palisades, Rosemead, Simi Valley, Somis, South Gate, Sylmar (press report), Thousand Oaks, Van Nuys, Westwood, Wilmington. Intensity III; La Palma (press report) , Pasadena, Piru. Intensity II; Malibu.
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II:
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity Hi
Origin time: 23 55 18.8 Epicenter: 34.08 N., 118.28 W.. Depth: 8 km Magnitude: 2.5 ML Intensity III; Hollywood, Los Angeles downtown area.
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity V; Intensity II;
Caliente). 19 32 36.8 33.97 N., 118.58 W. 8 km 2.9 ML Santa Monica.
15 23 43.1 33.50 N., 116.49 W. 5 km 3.3 ML(P) Palm Springs.
04 41 08.9 35.39 N., 118.68 W. 1 km 3.8 ML Keene. Walkers Basin (near
118 C 117' 115 C 114 C
Epicenter 7 Felt at intensity 7 o Not felt
D21
17 December (B) Northern California Origin time: 21 36 28.4 Epicenter: 38.77 N., 122.27 W. Depth: 2 km Magnitude: 3.0 ML Intensity II; Geyserville.
18 October (P) Southern California Origin time: 17 26 52.6 Epicenter: 32.72 N., 117.92 W. Depth: 15 km Magnitude: 4.6mb(G), 4.2 ML
Intensity III; Newport Beach, Newhall
26 November (G) Northern California Origin time: 11 19 25.2 Epicenter: 41.29 N., 125.71 W. Depth: 15 km Magnitude: 6.0 mb, 6.8 MS, 6.2 ML(B)
This earthquake was felt over an area of
Intensity V;
Intensity IV;
Intensity III;
Intensity II;
27 December (G) Southeastern Georgia Origin time: 06 57 13.9 Epicenter: 32.22 N., 82.46 W. Depth: 5 km Magnitude: 3.7 mbLg(V)
California Off the coast
Counties.
(press report), San Diego.
approximately 6,500 sq km (fig. 13) along the coast north and south of Eureka.
California Arcata, Bayside, Blocksburg, Blue Lake, Burnt Ranch, Cedar Ridge, Crescent City (press report), Eureka, Ferndale, Honeydew, Humboldt (press report), Klamath, Loleta, McKinleyville, Petrolia, Samoa, Weott.
California Carlotta, Comptche, Fort Bragg, Horse Creek, Kneeland, Mt. Shasta, Rio Dell (observer said all effects exaggerated in the press and on radio), Scott Bar, Trinidad. Oregon Brookings.
California Hydesville, Orick. Oregon Merlin.
California Denny. Oregon Eugene (telephone report). Washington Long View (telephone report).
D22 Table 2. -Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,
The places shown below followed by (H) designate intensity values assigned by the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. 4 October (H) Island of Hawaii
5 October (H) Island of Hawaii
5 October (H) Island of Hawaii
9 October (H) Island of Hawaii
15 October (H) Island of Hawaii
October-December 1976 Continued
The intensities listed below are from a NEIS questionnaire canvass and a report by R. J. Lance, G. H. Fogle, and L. T. Long (1977). Three small aftershocks that occurred on December 28, 1976, at 22 17 UTC, on January 5, 1977, at 02 30 UTC, and on January 5, 1977, at 02 32 UTC were reported by R. J. Lance, G. H. Fogle, and L. T. Long (1977). Intensity V; Baxley, Hazelhurst, Reidsville, Uvalda (pictures tilted). Intensity IV; Cedar Crossing (oral commun.), Fitzgerald, Jeykll Island (wind blowing fiercely, loud thunderclap, followed one-half minute later by loud noise as if heavy boots were dropped ab ov e wr i t ten c ommun.), Lyons.
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III!
(H). Intensity II;
(H), Volcano (H)
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III! Intensity II;
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
(H).
15 18 52.5 19.35 N., 155.11 W. 9 km 3.0 ML Hilo (H).
15 58 50.5 19.34 N., 155.11 W. 9 km 3.8 ML Hawaiian Beaches (H), Hilo
Mountain View (H), Papaikou
19 55 39.6 19.37 N., 155.08 W. 8 km 3.5 ML Hilo (H), Kalapana (H) Volcano (H).
02 29 29.9 19.55 N., 155.85 W. 25 km 3.3 ML Kona district (H).
09 17 06.9 19.38 N., 155.09 W. 9 km 2.7 ML Hamakua district (H), Hilo
D23
21 October (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 12 25 26.0 Epicenter: 19.45 N., 154.87 W. Depth: 9 km Magnitude: 2.9 ML Intensity II: Pahoa (H).
22 October (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 22 43 23.6 Epicenter: 19.32 N., 155.20 W.
Magnitude: 3.4 ML Intensity II: Hilo (H).
23 October (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 00 11 25.8 Epicenter: 19.35 N., 155.06 W. Depth: 9 km Magnitude: 3.5 ML Intensity II: Hilo (H), Kalapana (H).
24 October (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 18 18 54.0 Epicenter: 19.37 N., 155.00 W.
Magnitude: 2.5 ML Intensity II: Wahaula Visitors Center (H) .
3 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 04 15 46.3 Epicenter: 19.32 N., 155.22 W. Depth: 10 km Magnitude: 3.7 ML Intensity III: Mountain View (H). Intensity II: Hilo (H) , Volcano (II).
5 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 00 44 55.8 Epicenter: 19.41 N., 155.27 W. Depth: 3 km Magnitude: 2.3 ML Intensity III: Hawaii Volcanoes National
Intensity II: Volcano (H) .
5 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 12 58 29.6 Epicenter: 19.36N., 155. 14 W. Depth: 9 km Magnitude: 2.7 ML Intensity II: Volcano (H).
10 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 01 33 03.3 Epicenter: 19.34 N., 155.07 W. Depth: 9 km Magnitude: 3.8 ML Intensity III: Hilo (H) . Intensity II; Hale Pohaku (H), Pepeekeo
11 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 04 15 16.5 October December 19 76 Continued October-December 19 76 Continued
Park (H).
(H), Wood Valley (H).
D24
13 November (H) Island of Hawaii
13 November (H) Island of Hawaii
14 November (H) Island of Hawaii
16 November (H) Island of Hawaii
17 November (H) Island of Hawaii
17 November (H) Island of Hawaii
17 November (H) Island of Hawaii
18 November (H) Island of Hawaii
Epicenter: 19.35 N., 155.19 W. Depth: 10 km Magnitude: 3.1 ML Intensity II: Mountain View (H).
Origin time: 02 54 46.4 Epicenter: 19.35 N., 155.04 W. Depth: 8 km Magnitude: 3.5 ML Intensity II: Volcano (H).
Origin time: 21 14 03.3 Epicenter: 19.37 N., 155.09 W. Depth: 9 km Magnitude: 3.7 ML Intensity III: Hilo (H).
Origin time: 14 19 23.0 Epicenter: 19.43 N., 155.28 W. Depth: 16 km Magnitude: 3.0 ML Intensity II: Volcano (H) .
Origin time: 12 23 35.4 Epicenter: 19.38 N., 155.08 W. Depth: 9 km Magnitude: 3.6 ML Intensity III: Hilo. Intensity II: Hawaiian Beaches (H), Paauhau (H).
Origin time: 05 44 33.9 Epicenter: 19.43 N., 155.28 W. Depth: 1 km Magnitude: 2.3 ML Intensity II: Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (H), Volcano (H) .
Origin time: 15 51 48.5 Epicenter: 19.54 N., 155.24 W. Depth: 25 km Magnitude: 3.7 ML Intensity III: Hilo (H). Intensity II: Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (H) , Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (H), Keaau (H) , Papaikou (H), Volcano (H), Wood Valley (H).
Origin time: 22 13 08.6 Epicenter: 19.38 N., 155.28 W. Depth: 3 km Magnitude: 2.1 ML Intensity II: Hawaii Volcanoes National
Park (H), Volcano (H).
Origin time: 14 33 18.1 Table 2. Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,
Epicenter: 19.35 N., 155.22 W.
Depth: 9 km Magnitude: 2.3 ML Intensity II: Hawaii Volcanoes National
19 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 08 24 43.7 Epicenter: 19.40 N., 155.28 W. Depth: 4 km Magnitude: 3.0 ML Intensity III: Hawaii Volcanoes National
Intensity II: Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
22 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 06 35 13.5 Epicenter: 19.37 N., 155.11 W. Depth: 8 km Magnitude: 2.5 ML Intensity II: Puna district (H).
23 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 01 40 49.9 Epicenter: 19.39 N., 155.28 W. Depth: 3 km Magnitude: 2.4 ML Intensity II: Hawaii Volcanoes National
25 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 16 37 27.4 Epicenter: 19.39 N., 155.29 W. Depth : 4 km Magnitude: 2.3 ML Intensity II: Hawaii Volcanoes National
25 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 21 05 40.3 Epicenter: 19.40 N., 155.28 W. Depth: 2 km Magnitude: 2.5 ML Intensity II: Hawaii Volcanoes National
26 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 13 49 14.8 Epicenter: 19.40 N., 155.27 W. Depth: 2 km Magnitude: 2.1 ML Intensity II: Hawaii Volcanoes National
26 November (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 20 15 58.5 Epicenter: 19.40 N., 155.27 W. Depth: 5 km Magnitude: 3.1 ML Intensity III: Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
Intensity II: Volcano (H) .
Park (H).
Park (H).
(H), Volcano (H).
Park (H), Volcano (H) .
Park (H), Volcano (H) .
Park (H).
Park (H).
(H).
D25
4 December (H) Island of Hawaif
6 December (H) Island of Hawaii
6 December (H) Island of Hawaii
8 December (H) Island of Hawaii
9 December (H) Island of Hawaii
9 December (H) Island of Hawaii
October December 1976 Continued
Hawai i con t inued
1 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 03 46 09.9 Epicenter: 19.33 N., 15S.19 W. Depth: 10 km Magnitude: 3.3 ML Intensity III: Volcano (H).
1 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 04 18 45.2 Epicenter: 19.32 N., 155.19 W. Depth: 10 km Magnitude: 3.0 ML Intensity II: Volcano (H).
1 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 05 37 30.1 Epicenter: 19.33 N., 155.27 W. Depth: 10 km Magnitude: 2.5 ML Intensity II: Volcano (H).
Origin time: 13 50 50.8 Epicenter: 19.34N., 155. 14 W. Depth: 9 km Magnitude: 3.0 ML Intensity III; Hilo (H). Intensity II; Kamuela (H), Volcano (H).
Origin time: 03 11 59.1 Epicenter: 19.39 N., 155.11 W. Depth: 8 km Magnitude: 1.9 ML Intensity II; Hilo (H).
Origin time: 16 26 58.0 Epicenter: 19.36 N., 155.13 W. Depth: 10 km Magnitude: 3.8 ML Intensity III; Hawaiian Beaches (H), Hilo (H). Intensity II; Mountain View (H) , Volcano (H).
Origin time: 09 40 22.2 Epicenter: 19.40 N., 155.28 W. Depth: 3 km Magnitude: 2.8 ML Intensity II; Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (H), Volcano (H) .
Origin time: 00 15 42.5 Epicenter: 19.34 N., 155.18 W. Depth: 9 km Magnitude: 2.9 ML Intensity II; Hilo (H).
Origin time: 04 50 26.3
Epicenter: 19.43 N., 155.28 W.
Depth: 1 km Magnitude: 2.0 ML Intensity II: Hawaii Volcanoes National
10 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 01 28 49.9 Epicenter: 19.40 N., 155.29 W. Depth: 3 km Magnitude: 3.0 ML Intensity III; Keanakakoi (H). Intensity II; Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
12 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
14 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
17 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 13 39 14.5 Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
18 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity V;
Intensity IV; Puna district (H).
Intensity III; Kau district (H).
Intensity II; Kamuela (H), Kohala (H),
22 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
25 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: 17 01 15.4 Epicenter: 19.64 N., 156.01 W. Depth: 9 km
October-December 1976 Continued
Park (H), Volcano (H).
(H), Volcano (H).
(H).
Park (H), Volcano (H).
Honomu, Keaau, Kurtistown, Lahaina, Laupahoehoe, Mountain View, Ookala, Paauhau, Pahala, Papaikou, Volcano.
Kona district (H).
Park (H), Volcano (H).
Table 2.-Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,
09 39 36.6 19.22 N., 155.47 W, 9 km 2.8 ML Kau district (H).
03 26 42.0 19.34 N., 155.13 W. 10 km 3.4 ML Puna district (H), Volcano
19.43 N., 155.28 W. 1 km 2.9 ML Hawaii Volcanoes National
14 01 00.5 19.34 N., 155.12 W. 9 km 4.8 ML, 5.0 mb(G) Hakalao, Hilo (H), Honokaa,
19 03 32.4 19.40 N., 155.27 W. 3 km 2.2 ML Hawaii Volcanoes National
D26
27 December (H) Island of Hawaii
27 December (H) Island of Hawaii
27 December (H) Island of Hawaii
29 December (H) Island of Hawaii
29 December (H) Island of Hawaii
29 December (H) Island of Hawaii
30 December (H) Island of Hawaii
October-December 1976 Continued
Magnitude: 3.3 ML Intensity III; Kailua (H), Kona district (H). Intensity II; Holualoa (H).
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III!
Park (H). Intensity II;
Origin time: 16 24 27.3 Epicenter: 19.32 N., 155.27 W. Depth: 10 km Magnitude: 3.1 ML Intensity III; Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (H).
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
Park (H).
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
Park (H).
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III!
(H). Intensity II;
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
Park (H).
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
Park (H). 14 15 20.6 19.39 N., 155.25 W. 5 km 3.3 ML Hawaii Volcanoes National
Mountain View (H).
19 19 27.0 19.40 N., 155.25 W. 3 km 2.5 ML Hawaii Volcanoes National
01 17 36.6 19.40 N., 155.28 W. 3 km 2.8 ML Hawaii Volcanoes National
05 37 04.8 19.32 N., 155.20 W. 10 km 3.2 ML Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
Volcano (H).
13 45 37.4 19.39 N., 155.29 W. 2 km 2.4 ML Hawaii Volcanoes National
02 44 25.6 19.33 N., 155.19 W. 9 km 2.9 ML Hawaii Volcanoes National
Table ^.-Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,
30 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III;
30 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
30 December (H) Island of Hawaii Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
1 November (G) Western Idaho Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV; Intensity III; Salmon, South Stanley.
23 October (0) Southern Quebec, Canada Origin time: 20 58 18.0 Epicenter: 47.82 N., 69.79 W. Depth: 18 km Magnitude: 3.8 mb(G), 4.2 mbLg,
This earthquake was felt over a large area
Intensity V;
Intensity IV;
Hawaii Continued
Park (H).
of southern Quebec, Canada, as shown by figure 14 (furnished by R. Wetmiller, Earth Physics Branch, Energy, Mines, and Resources, Ottawa, Canada). All the intensity values shown in figure 14 were evaluated by the office of R. Wetmiller.
Maine Fort Kent.
Maine Frenchville. 05 26 26.9 19.39 N., 155.24 W. 5 km 3.0 ML Hawaii Volcanoes National
10 47 36.9 18.16 N., 155.25 W. 7 km 3.9 ML Kau district (H).
14 19 51.5 19.33 N., 155.27 W. 10 km 3.0 ML Volcano (H).
22 22 51.1 44.26 N., 114.97 W. 5 km 3.7 ML(A), 3.9 ML(D) Stanley.
4.1 mbLg(L), 3.8 mbLg(J)
D27
Table 2.-Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,
11 December (S) Eastern Missouri
13 December (S) Eastern Missouri
27 November (G) Hebgen Lake region
20 December (G) Hebgen Lake region, Montana
4 October (G) Southern Nevada October-December /97<5-Continued
Origin time: 07 05 00.4 Epicenter: 38.12 N., 91.07 W. Depth: 0 km Magnitude: 4.2 mb(G)
Pea Ridge Mine explosion. Five hundred twenty tons of explosive.
Origin time; Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity V;
Missouri Clearwater, Farmington, Flat River, Frankclay, Ironton, Perryville. Many in these communities were awakened and frightened by the earthquake. Intensity IV;
Missouri Arcadia, Belleview, Iron Mountain. Illinois Renault, Welge.
Origin time: 00 24 46.1 Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV;
Wyoming Canyon Village, Madison June t ion.
Origin time: 17 07 10.5 Epicenter: 44.50 N., 111.07 W. Depth: 9 km Magnitude: 3.3 ML(A)
The intensity data listed below are from information supplied by R. A. Hutchinson, Yellowstone Park geologist, National Park Service.
Intensity III;
Wyoming Canyon Village, Madison Junction, Mammoth Hot Springs. Intensity II;
Montana Gardiner, West Yellowstone.
Wyoming Old Faithful.
Origin time: 14 48 39.0 Missouri
08 35 54.9 37.80 N., 90.24 W. 5 km 3.5 ML
44.64 N., 111.14 W. 9 km
Nevada Table 2. Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,
Epicenter: 36.03 N., 114.73 W.
Depth: 5 km Magnitude: 3.0 ML Intensity III; Hoover Dam.
19 October (G) Southern Nevada Origin time: 01 59 10.6 Epicenter: 35.98 N., 114.82 W. Depth: 5 km Magnitude: None computed. Intensity III; Boulder City (press report) 20 October (G) California-Nevada border region Origin time: 23 14 56.3 Epicenter: 37.64 N., 118.02 W. Depth: 5 km Magnitude: 3.4 ML(B) Intensity III; California Bishop.
17 November (G) Northern Nevada Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity V; Intensity IV;
23 November (A) Southern Nevada Origin time: 15 15 00.2 Epicenter: 37.17 N., 116.05 W. Depth: 0 km Magnitude: None computed. Nevada Test Site explosion "Chevre" at 37°
8 December (A) Southern Nevada Origin time: 14 49 30.1 Epicenter: 37.08 N., 116.00 W. Depth: 0 km Magnitude: 4.9 mb, 4.5 ML(B)
Nevada Test Site explosion "Redmud" at 37°
21 December (A) Southern Nevada Origin time: 15 09 00.2 Epicenter: 37.12 N., 116.07 W. Depth: 0 km Magnitude: 4.2 ML(B)
Nevada Test Site explosion "Asiago" at 37°
28 December (A) Southern Nevada Origin time: 18 00 00.1 Epicenter: 37.10 N., 116.04 W. Depth: 0 km Magnitude: 5. 5 mb, 5.5 ML(B)
Nevada Continued Nevada Continued
10'18.14" N., 116°03'09.62" W., surface elevation 1305 m, depth of burial 317 m, shot time at 15 15 00.163.
04'45.35" N., 116°00'05.84" W., surface elevation 1296 m, depth of burial 427 m, shot time at 14 49 30.083.
07'26.08" N., 116°04'02.85" W., surface elevation 1292 m, depth of burial 331 m, shot time at 15 09 00.166. 08 23 35.0 40.54 N., 115.99 W. 15 km 3.9 ML(B) Elko. Tuscarora.
D28
Table 2.-Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,
28 December (G) Southern Nevada
28 December (G) Southern Nevada
19 December (T) Southeastern Oklahoma
5 November (U) Northern Utah
5 November (U) Northern Utah
5 November (U) Northern Utah October-December 1976 Continued
Nevada Test Site explosion "Rudder" at 37° 06'01.78" N., 116°02'11.27" W., surface elevation 1282 m, depth of burial 640 m, shot time at 18 00 00.076.
Origin time: 20 14 26.0 Epicenter: 37.10 N., 116.04 W. Depth: 0 km Magnitude: 3.5 mb
Nevada Test Site collapse from the explosion at 18 00 00.1.
Origin time: 20 29 26.0 Epicenter: 37-10 N., 116.04 W. Depth: 0 km Magnitude: 4.4 mb, 4.5 ML(B)
Nevada Test Site collapse from the explosion at 18 00 00.1.
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
report).
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity V;
Stone. Intensity IV; Intensity III; Portage. Intensity II; Plymouth
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II; Oklahoma
08 26 36.7 34.92 N., 95.73 W. 5 km 2.9 mbLg(T) McAlester (telephone
01 15 06.9 41.82 N., 112.69 W. 7 km 3.4 ML Snowville.
02 48 55.4 41.81 N., 112.70 W. 7 km 4.1 ML Howell, Lewiston, Riverside,
Holbrook, Hyrum, Snowville.
10 58 03.5 41.82 N., 112.69 W. 7 km 3.2 ML Snowville.
Table 2.-Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes, October-December 7976-Continued
14 October (W) Southwestern Washington Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity V;
Mineral. Intensity IV;
Silver Creek Intensity III; Intensity II;
Mossyrock. 21 39 17.7 46.66 N., 122.34 W. 30 km 3.1 ML(G) Elbe, Glenoma, La Grande,
19 October (G) Yellowstone National Park
D29
Can. data by EPB US.databyNEIS
October-December 19 76 Continued
Origin time: 06 18 35.3 Epicenter: 44.74 N., 110.81 W. Depth: 4 km Magnitude: 5.3 mb, 4.0 ML
This earthquake was felt over an area of approximately 3,000 sq km in the Park. Both tremors (the second occurred at 07 24 34.6) were described as a strong, quick jolt or rocking action lasting a few seconds. The only direction sensed
Table 2.-Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,
Intensity III;
19 October (G) Yellowstone National Park Origin time: 07 24 34.6 Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV;
17 November (G) Yellowstone National Park Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV;
Intensity III; Madison Junction.
17 November (G) Yellowstone National Park Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III; Madison Junction.
27 November (G) Yellowstone National Park Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity III; Madison Junction.
27 November (G) Yellowstone National Park Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity II;
8 December (G) Yellowstone National Park Origin time: 14 40 59.1 Epicenter: 44.76 N., 110.79 W. Depth: 5 km Magnitude: 5.5 mb, 4.6 ML Intensity V;
Intensity IV;
October-December 7976-Continued
Montana West Yellowstone. Wyoming Canyon Village, Madison Junction, Mammoth, Old Faithful.
Montana Corwin Springs.
Montana West Yellowstone. Wyoming Canyon Village, Madison Junction, Mammoth, Old Faithful.
rattled).
Junction.
Montana Corwin Springs.
Montana Gardiner, West Yellowstone. 44.80 N., 110.70 W. 5 km 5.3 mb, 4.1 ML
14 34 33.4 44.75 N., 110.86 W. 5 km
14 57 38.6 44.74 N., 110.83 W. 5 km 3.0 ML(A)
01 09 35.2 44.66 N., 110.82 W. 5 km 3.5 ML(A)
19 18 57.9 44.85 N., 110.97 W. 5 km 3.6 ML(A) Canyon Village, Madison
D30
Table 2.-Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,
8 December (G) Yellowstone National Park
9 December (G) Yellowstone National Park
16 December (G) Yellowstone National Park
19 December (G) Yellowstone National Park
October-December 1976 -Continued
Intensity III;
Wyoming Canyon Village, Madison Junction, Mammoth Hot Springs, Old Faithful.
Origin time:
Epicenter:
Depth:
Magnitude:
Intensity III;
Montana Gardiner, West Yellowstone.
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity V;
Montana Corwin Springs, West Yellowstone. Wyoming Canyon Village (small objects fell, Gibbon River turbid). Intensity IV;
Montana Harrison.
Wyoming Madison Junction (oral commun.), Mammoth (oral commun.). Intensity III;
Montana Gallatin Gateway (telephone report), Virginia City. Wyoming Old Faithful (oral commun.).
Origin time: Epicenter: Depth: Magnitude: Intensity IV;
Origin time: 17 10 15.6 Epicenter: 44.77 N., 110.80 W. Depth: 5 km Magnitude: 4.9 mb, 4.5 ML
The intensity data listed below are from information supplied by R. A. Hutchinson, Yellowstone Park geologist, National Park Service.
Intensity V;
Montana Gardiner.
Wyoming Mammoth Hot Springs.
(Both areas reported cracked windows;
Christmas decorations and household items were knocked to the floor.) Intensity IV;
Wyoming Canyon Village, Devil's Slide area of Yellowstone Valley (south of Corwin Springs, Mont.), Madison Junction, Old Faithful. Intensity III;
Montana West Yellowstone.
22 10 42.3 44.75 N., 111.05 W. 5 km 3.5 ML
22 36 23.7 44.77 N., 110.80 W. 5 km 4.5 mb, 5.1 ML, 4.7 ML(D)
00 28 21.4 44.64 N., 111.05 W. 5 km 3.0 ML(A) Madison Junction.
Table 2.-Summary of macroseismic data for U.S. earthquakes,
20 December (G) Yellowstone National Park Origin time: 01 34 16.7 Epicenter: 44.84 N., 110.83 W. Depth: 5 km Magnitude: 4.4 mb, 4.3 ML
The intensity data listed below are from
Intensity IV;
Listed below are the collaborators who furnished data to the National Earthquake Information Service for use in this circular:
ALASKA: Staff of NOAA, Alaska Tsunami Warning
CALIFORNIA: Clarence R. Alien, Seismological
HAWAII: Robert Y. Koyanagl, U.S. Geological
MISSOURI: Otto Nuttli, Department of Geology
NEW YORK: Lynn R. Sykes and Yash P. Aggarwal,
October-December 7P7tf-Continued
information supplied by R. A. Hutchinson, Yellowstone Park geologist, National Park Service.
Montana Gardiner. Wyoming Canyon Village, Madison Junction, Mammoth Hot Springs, Mary Mountain Patrol Cabin.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
J. B. Townshend, College Observatory,
Bruce A. Bolt, Seismograph Station,
Gary S. Fuis, U.S. Geological Survey,
Wyoming Cont inued
Center, Palmer.
College.
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena.
University £f California, Berkeley.
Pasadena.
Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hawaii National Park.
and Geophysics, St. Louis University, St. Louis.
Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades.
D31
OKLAHOMA: James E. Lawson, Jr., University of
UTAH: Department of Geological and
VIRGINIA: G. A. Bollinger, Department of
WASHINGTON: Robert S. Crosson, Geophysics
WYOMING: R. A. Hutchinson, National Park
Acknowledgment is also given to B. B. Poppe for aid in editing the manuscript and drafting the isoseismal maps, and to Paula Smith for doing the computerized manuscript.
Bath, Markus, 1966, Earthquake energy and
Fuis, G. S., Friedman, M. E., and Hileman, J. A.,
Gutenberg, B. and Richter, C. F., 1956, Magnitude
Lance, R. J., Fogle, G. H., and Long, L. T., 1977,
Nuttli, 0. W., 1973, Seismic wave attenuation and
Richter, C. F., 1958, Elementary seismology: San
Wood, H. 0., and Neumann, F., 1931, Modified magnitude, in Physics and chemistry of the Earth, Volume 7: Oxford and New York, Pergamon Press, p. 115-165.
1977, Preliminary catalog of earthquakes in southern California, July 1974-September 1976: U.S. Geol. Survey Open-File Report 77-181, 107 p.
and energy of earthquakes: Annali di Geofisica, v. 9, no. 1, p. 1-15.
Report on the earthquake of December 27, in southern Georgia: Earthquake Notes, v. 48, no. 1-2, p. 51-56.
magnitude relations for eastern North America: Jour. Geophys. Research, v. 78, no. 5, p. 876-885.
Francisco, Calif., W. H. Freeman and Co., Inc., 768 p.
Mercalli Intensity Scale of 1931: Seismol. Soc. America Bull., v. 21, no. 4, p. 277-283. Oklahoma, Earth Sciences Observatory, Leonard.
Geophysical Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Geological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.
Program, University of Washington, Seattle.
Service, Yellowstone National Park.
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