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Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis of the spine. It inflames the spaces between the vertebrae — the bones of the spine — and the joints where the spine meets the pelvis, causing stiffness and making it hard to move and bend.
Back pain from AS ranges from mild to severe. Over time AS can fuse vertebrae together, limiting movement and leading to a hunched posture, and in some people it affects other joints or body parts. There's no cure, but early treatment can ease symptoms, slow the disease and help you stay productive.
Who gets it
AS usually begins before 45; early symptoms may start between 15 and 30. Your chances are higher if:
| Risk factor | |
|---|---|
| You're a man | AS is more common and more severe in men |
| It runs in your family | a relative with AS raises your risk |
| You have certain other conditions | Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis or psoriasis |
No one knows what causes AS. Environment and genes — the parts of DNA passed down from your parents — probably both play a role. Certain genes raise the risk, but not everyone who carries them develops AS.
Symptoms
AS affects people differently. The most common symptom is pain and stiffness in the lower back and/or hips, usually worse at night or after sitting a long time. Over time it may spread to other parts of the spine or body, and symptoms depend on where. Some people's symptoms come and go; others have severe, ongoing pain.
Other possible symptoms:
- pain, stiffness and inflammation of joints
- trouble taking a deep breath, if the joints connecting the ribs are involved
- vision changes
- fatigue, loss of appetite and weight loss
- skin rashes, such as psoriasis
- belly pain and loose stools
Diagnosis
There's no single test for AS. Your provider may:
- ask about your medical history and symptoms
- ask about your family history, including relatives with AS
- do a physical exam
- order blood tests or imaging
Treatment
Treatment aims to relieve symptoms, maintain posture and slow the disease. Because AS can affect other parts of the body, you'll likely work with a team of health professionals. Treatment usually combines medicine — to relieve symptoms and keep the disease from worsening — with physical therapy to improve mobility. Severe AS may need surgery.
What you can do:
- exercise
- track your symptoms
- manage stress
- use assistive devices when needed
- eat a healthy diet
- don't smoke — or quit
Sources
Based on "Ankylosing Spondylitis," MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine, with a summary from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIH); a work of the United States government in the public domain.
Лицензия: CC0 1.0 (общественное достояние) · По материалам medlineplus.gov
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