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In April 1964, Cleveland's chapter of the Congress of Racial Equality invited the journalist Louis Lomax and Malcolm X to speak at Cory United Methodist Church. There Malcolm X delivered the first version of his famous speech, "The Ballot or the Bullet." It was one of many landmark moments at a church that grew into one of the largest African American congregations in Cleveland and a center of the city's civil rights movement.
From a living room to 3,000 members
| Year | |
|---|---|
| 1875 | Rev. Henry Stein gathers a small congregation in a private home. As Union Chapel, it becomes the first predominantly Black Methodist Episcopal church in the Cleveland area; it is later renamed for John Bruce Cory, a Methodist missionary |
| 1946 | After several moves, the growing church buys a former community center and synagogue built for a Jewish congregation in 1920–1922 |
| 1952 | The congregation reaches 3,000 members |
| 1961 | The city's recreation department begins renting and running the church's recreational facilities for Black residents of the neighborhood |
| 2024 | The church joins the African American Civil Rights Network |
A community center
Cory had long set out to serve its neighborhood, and in its new building, as Black migration to Cleveland accelerated, it became a community and recreation center, with a library, gymnasium, swimming pool, music school and concert hall.
A civil rights crossroads
Its size and standing made Cory a natural meeting place.
- W. E. B. Du Bois spoke there in 1950, and Thurgood Marshall the following year.
- Martin Luther King Jr. spoke there several times; his visit in May 1963 drew an estimated 5,000 people.
- Malcolm X gave the first version of "The Ballot or the Bullet" there in April 1964.
The church was just as central to local campaigns. It hosted meetings of the United Freedom Movement, a coalition fighting injustice in education, employment, health, housing and voting; its pastor, Rev. Sumpter Riley, was deeply involved and once served as the coalition's president. And it opened its doors for rallies for Carl Stokes's campaign for mayor of Cleveland.
The African American Civil Rights Network
Created by the African American Civil Rights Act of 2017 and coordinated by the National Park Service, the network recognizes the African American civil rights movement and the sacrifices of those who fought discrimination and segregation, through public and private properties, facilities and programs.
Sources
Based on "Cory United Methodist Church (Cleveland, Ohio)," National Park Service, African American Civil Rights Network; a work of the United States government in the public domain.
Лицензия: CC0 1.0 (общественное достояние) · По материалам www.nps.gov
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