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What they are
Movement disorders are neurologic conditions that cause problems with movement. They can bring:
- more movement than usual, which may be voluntary (intended) or involuntary (unintended);
- less or slower voluntary movement.
Common types
There are many movement disorders. Among the more common:
- Ataxia — lost muscle coordination.
- Dystonia — involuntary muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements, which can be painful.
- Huntington's disease — an inherited disease in which nerve cells in certain parts of the brain waste away, including those that help control voluntary movement.
- Parkinson's disease — a disorder that slowly gets worse over time, causing tremors, slowness of movement and trouble walking.
- Tourette syndrome — sudden twitches, movements or sounds, called tics.
- Tremor and essential tremor — involuntary trembling or shaking of one or more parts of the body.
Causes
- genetics;
- infections;
- medicines;
- damage to the brain, spinal cord or peripheral nerves;
- metabolic disorders;
- stroke and vascular diseases;
- toxins.
Treatment
It depends on the disorder. Medicines can cure some; others improve when an underlying disease is treated. Often, though, there's no cure — then treatment aims to ease symptoms and relieve pain.
Sources
Based on "Movement Disorders," MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine; a work of the United States government in the public domain.
Лицензия: CC0 1.0 (общественное достояние) · По материалам medlineplus.gov
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