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Indiana Dunes' Breeding Bird Survey route (35901), with an inset of all North American routes. Map: U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center.
The Breeding Bird Survey
The North American Breeding Bird Survey began in 1966 in response to concerns Rachel Carson raised in Silent Spring about overuse of pesticides. Her focus on DDT's effects on birds led Dr. Chandler Robbins of the U.S. Geological Survey to start the long-term songbird monitoring program.
The National Park Service is not a formal partner, but Indiana Dunes National Park has taken part since 1993. Its route, "Indiana Dune (35901)," is one of more than 4,100 across the continental United States and Canada. Over the years, NPS and USGS staff and volunteers have recorded 121 species on the park's annual surveys.
2014–2018
The park's 50 point-count stations were visited once a year from 2014 through 2018 using the survey's protocol. All but three counts were completed, for a total of 247.
- 85 species were detected, with an average of 58 species over the five years.
- Eleven species made up half of all birds detected.
The 11 most common species, left to right from top: American robin, yellow warbler, red-winged blackbird, northern cardinal, song sparrow, common yellowthroat, brown-headed cowbird, gray catbird, red-eyed vireo, eastern towhee and house wren. NPS photos.
What will the dunes sound like?
A study of bird populations under two climate scenarios predicted high species turnover at Indiana Dunes by mid-century (2041–2070) if emissions keep rising along the current path:
| Species | Projection |
|---|---|
| American robin | mixed: better in winter than in summer |
| Yellow warbler | may disappear in the summer nesting season |
| Song sparrow | may disappear in summer, but become more common in winter |
| Red-winged blackbird | little change in summer; more common in winter |
| Dickcissel, prothonotary warbler, white-eyed vireo | each seen only once in 2014–2018 (the first two in 2014, the vireo in 2018), but predicted to increase |
The park's forests, savannas and wetlands will still ring with birdsong, perhaps from some species more than ever.
Sources
- National Park Service, "Songbird Monitoring at Indiana Dunes, 2014-2018": https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/songbird-monitoring-at-indiana-dunes-2014-2018.htm
- Roberts SG, Ladin ZS, Tymkiw EL, Shriver WG, Gostomski T. 2021. Songbird monitoring in the Great Lakes Network parks: 2014–2018. Natural Resource Report NPS/GLKN/NRR—2021/2217. https://doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2283974
- Wu JX, Wilsey CB, Taylor L, Schuurman GW. 2018. "Projected avifaunal responses to climate change across the U.S. National Park System." PLoS ONE 13(3): e0190557. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190557
В изданияхIndiana Dunes National Park
Лицензия: CC0 1.0 (общественное достояние) · По материалам www.nps.gov
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