Health physics — the science of protecting people and the environment from radiation — grew up in the Manhattan Project, which brought a new kind of hazard into the workplace. The Health Physics Exhibit at the B Reactor, in Manhattan Project National Historical Park at Hanford, Washington, tells that story. One of its panels, "You Named It What?", looks at the surprising names given to the instruments that measured radiation.
Why the silly names?
When naming their survey instruments and detectors, Manhattan Project staff borrowed from pop culture and mythology. According to K. Z. Morgan, the names were deliberately as silly as possible — supposedly to confuse "unauthorized personnel" during the war. Herbert Parker recalled that the "foolishly named" instruments became a source of light relief.
The detectors
| Name | Where the name came from | Radiation detected | Made |
|---|---|---|---|
| Geiger-Müller (GM) | Its creators, Hans Geiger and Walter Müller | Alpha, beta and gamma in the original; beta and gamma in later models | Original: 1938, Victoreen Company, Columbus, Ohio. Later: 1948, Hanford |
| Ionization chamber, or "Cutie Pie" (CP) | Its small size | Beta, gamma | 1945, Hanford |
| Juno | The Roman goddess Juno | Alpha, beta | 1945, Hanford |
| Snoopy | Charlie Brown's dog | Neutrons | 1948, Hanford |
| Poppy | The popping sound it made while running | Alpha | 1949, Hanford |
In the exhibit, the actual instruments sit in nearby cabinets, and visitors are invited to find an example of each and match it to its name.
Visiting
The B Reactor can be visited in person only on guided tours offered by the Department of Energy.
Sources
Based on "B Reactor Health Physics Exhibit: You Named It What?", Manhattan Project National Historical Park, National Park Service; a work of the United States government in the public domain.
收录于这些专栏Manhattan Project National Historical Park
许可协议： CC0 1.0（公有领域） · 改编自 www.nps.gov
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