Joseph Canyon. Image from the National Park Service's page.
Nez Perce National Historical Park includes 38 sites across Idaho, Washington, Oregon and Montana, commemorating the history, culture and contributions of the Nez Perce. Established on May 15, 1965, it covers about 1,847 hectares (4,565 acres).
- Counties: Clark, Clearwater, Idaho, Lewis and Nez Perce in Idaho; Okanogan in Washington; Wallowa in Oregon; Beaverhead, Blaine and Yellowstone in Montana.
- Eight sites are owned and run by the National Park Service: Spalding (headquarters), Bear Paw, Buffalo Eddy, Canoe Camp, Heart of the Monster, Old Chief Joseph Grave, White Bird Battlefield, and Big Hole National Battlefield.
- Many sites relate to the Nez Perce War of 1877 and the flight of Chief Joseph and his band, whose route toward Canada is preserved as the Nez Perce National Historic Trail, linking several of the sites.
The rocks
The park's bedrock is sedimentary and igneous, from the Triassic to recent deposits:
| Age | Rocks | Where |
|---|---|---|
| Triassic — among the oldest | Wild Sheep Creek Formation of the Seven Devils Group | along the Snake River, Bear Paw unit |
| Cretaceous | sedimentary rocks of the Telegraph Creek and Carlile formations | Bear Paw unit |
| Miocene | Grande Ronde Basalt of the Columbia River Basalt Group | Buffalo Eddy, Spalding, White Bird Battlefield |
| Quaternary | alluvium (loose sand, silt, clay and gravel), mass-wasting and active landslide deposits, alluvial fans, terrace gravels | Canoe Camp, Heart of the Monster, Old Chief Joseph Grave, Spalding, White Bird Battlefield |
The park spans three physiographic provinces — the Great Plains, the Northern Rocky Mountains and the Columbia Plateau — and shares their geologic history with regions far beyond its boundaries.
The Heart of the Monster, a rock outcrop that is part of the Nez Perce creation story. Image from the National Park Service's page.
Maps and reports
The NPS Geologic Resources Inventory makes digital geologic maps, reports, posters and scoping summaries for more than 270 natural resource parks; Nez Perce's are in the NPS DataStore, along with its completed Soil Resources Inventory. The NPS Geodiversity Atlas gathers this information to support education, geoconservation and park management.
Sources
Based on "NPS Geodiversity Atlas—Nez Perce National Historical Park, Montana, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington," National Park Service; a work of the United States government in the public domain. The source spells the Triassic unit "Wild Creek Sheep Formation," the Montana county "Blain," and Canoe Camp "Camp Canoe" once; all are corrected here.
许可协议： CC0 1.0（公有领域） · 改编自 www.nps.gov
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