Cold sores are caused by a contagious virus: herpes simplex virus (HSV).
Two types of herpes simplex
| Type | Usually causes |
|---|---|
| HSV-1 | oral herpes — cold sores. It infects more than half of the U.S. population by their 20s |
| HSV-2 | infection of the genital area |
Some infected people have no symptoms; others get painful, unsightly sores.
Where they appear
- Outside the mouth: usually on or around the lips.
- Inside the mouth: usually on the gums or the roof of the mouth.
Cold sores are not the same as canker sores, which are not contagious.
Treatment
There is no cure, but cold sores normally heal on their own within a few weeks.
- Antiviral medicines help sores heal faster, and can prevent them in people who get them often.
- Other medicines ease pain and discomfort: ointments that numb the blisters, soften the crusts or dry the sores.
- Sun protection: a sunblock lip balm can help too.
Sources
Based on "Cold Sores," MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine; a work of the United States government in the public domain.
Licence: CC0 1.0 (public domain) · Adapted from medlineplus.gov
1
0
0
0
Comments
Read next
Version: 2CC0 1.0 — public domain
People with diabetes are much more likely to get heart disease or have a stroke, and sooner. How high blood sugar harms the heart, who is most at risk, the symptoms to watch for, and prevention.
Version: 2CC0 1.0 — public domain
Bacteria are single-celled organisms, mostly harmless or helpful. How infectious bacteria make you sick, the ways they spread, why antibiotics are the treatment, and how to prevent infection.
Version: 2CC0 1.0 — public domain
Salmonella bacteria are a common cause of foodborne illness in the U.S., carried by raw poultry, eggs and beef and by reptiles. Where it comes from, its symptoms, and who is most at risk.
Version: 2CC0 1.0 — public domain
Type 2 diabetes, the most common type, can often be prevented or delayed. The risk factors, from prediabetes to smoking, and the lifestyle changes that help, including losing 5% to 7% of your weight.
Version: 2CC0 1.0 — public domain
Your nose filters, warms and moistens the air you breathe and lets you smell. Common problems besides colds: a deviated septum, nasal polyps, nosebleeds, rhinitis and broken noses.
Version: 2CC0 1.0 — public domain
The stomach stores, mixes and passes on food, and most people have trouble with it now and then. Which problems you can ease yourself, which need a doctor, and the warning signs not to ignore.