Gluten is a protein found in wheat, rye and barley. It's mostly in foods, but it can also turn up in medicines, vitamins and supplements. People with gluten sensitivity — also called non-celiac gluten sensitivity or gluten intolerance — have problems with gluten.
Three different conditions
| Gluten sensitivity | Celiac disease | Wheat allergy | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Problem with gluten? | Yes | Yes | A food allergy to wheat |
| Damages the small intestine? | No | Yes | No |
| Typical symptoms | Belly pain and fatigue, plus digestive and other symptoms (below) | Some shared with gluten sensitivity, such as belly pain and fatigue | Can differ — for example, itchy eyes or trouble breathing |
Symptoms of gluten sensitivity
- abdominal (belly) pain;
- fatigue;
- gas, diarrhea and constipation;
- headaches, joint pain and rashes.
Diagnosis
Researchers are still learning about gluten sensitivity. If your health care provider suspects it, they may suggest cutting out gluten to see whether your symptoms go away. First, though, you should be tested for celiac disease, with a blood test or biopsies of the small intestine.
Treatment
Symptoms usually improve on a gluten-free diet. Make sure you still get enough vitamins, minerals and fiber; your provider or a dietitian can help you plan meals.
Sources
Based on the MedlinePlus health topic "Gluten Sensitivity," National Library of Medicine, with a summary from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office on Women's Health; a work of the United States government in the public domain.
Licence: CC0 1.0 (public domain) · Adapted from medlineplus.gov
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