Research Report: Revealing Mysteries of the Microbial World

Research Report: Revealing mysteries of the microbial world

Research Permit Number: YELL-2018-SCI-5480

Principal Investigator: Dr. Brent Peyton

Affiliation: Montana State University- Thermal Biology Institute

Since 2004, Brent Peyton has held a research permit to investigate thermophilic bioprocesses in Yellowstone. How do microscopic heat-loving organisms not only live, but thrive, in the extreme conditions found in and around thermal features? This inquiry brought his field crew to the park in March of 2018 for a wintery visit to their research site. After renting snowmobiles in West Yellowstone, they proceeded 23 miles to the Lower Geyser Basin. A snowshoe walk through deep snow brought them to the hot springs where they focus their studies. The team of five people carried in equipment allowing them to safely collect thermal water and sediment samples to later be analyzed in the lab. This group also conducts research at the Heart Lake Geyser Basin, focusing on high-temperature, high-pH (alkaline) thermal features. Due to the dangers of traveling off of established boardwalks in thermal areas, the team prioritizes safety and communication.

Starting in 2018, they will pioneer a new technique to non-invasively image the microbial mats of Yellowstone’s thermal features. Using a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance- Mobile Universal Surface Explorer (NMR-MOUSE), they will observe the distribution of in situ microbial mats, imaging the biofilm communities to determine properties such as changes in density, vertical and horizontal fluid transport, and fluid flow paths within the mat structure. While the NMR-MOUSE imaging technology has been applied to building materials and biomedicine before, this will be the first time that it is used to study microbial mats. It can non-destructively analyze layered structures, allowing researchers to observe the distribution of in situ microorganisms without disturbing them. The impact on the microbes will be extremely low to none.

Also starting in 2018, they will collaborate with National Park Service employees and volunteers who are cleaning trash out of thermal features in front-country areas of the park. Researchers plan to collect plastic trash as it is removed from thermal features in order to isolate the microbes growing on the plastic. They might be able to identify microbes capable of degrading and assimilating plastics, which are a growing environmental concern.

Learn more about microbial research here: http://tbi.montana.edu/

Note: This group operates under an official research permit, issued by Yellowstone National Park. It is the policy of the National Park Service to guarantee that management of parks is enhanced by the highest quality scientific information. Understanding our natural and cultural resources is vital to improving park management and expanding scientific knowledge. Specifc research activities must be approved in advance through the Yellowstone Research Permit Office. For more information visit the research permitting policy page.

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